【作者】 王珏；

【导师】 刘震；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 新闻与传播， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 人类对“自我”的关注伴随着人类意识共同诞生,处于不同历史时期的人们都在竭力寻找探索“自我”的方法,而自拍就是当下社会大众关注自我的最佳手段,尤其是网络自拍。但自拍并非纯粹的网络时代的产物,它的前身可以追溯到文艺复兴时代大量出现的自画像。对艺术技巧和审美情趣有着严苛要求的自画像独领风骚数百年,直到摄影设备诞生后记录形象才成为一项机械把戏。但是昂贵的摄影器材和繁复的专业技术仍然让自拍摄影保持着艺术的神圣和稀少,直到现代科技将摄影简化成可以一键操作的简单把戏,网络自拍这条探索“自我”的路径才迈出了走向流行文化的第一步。在网络自拍如此受欢迎的今天,将研究的目光投向它不足为奇。那么究竟是什么推动个人形象的记录从神圣艺术降格为流行文化?降格后的网络自拍失去了什么功能又被重新赋予何种意义?为了回答这些问题,本文在纵向梳理人类探索“自我”的路径的基础上,结合米哈伊尔·巴赫金的狂欢理论、罗兰·巴特的神话学、亚文化研究以及“自我”研究,探索网络自拍诞生于艺术却转向流行背后的动因,以及这种艺术行为降格对社会和人的影响。基于此研究目的,自画像作品、自拍摄影作品和网络自拍图片都在本文的研究范围之列;为了探究作为流行文化的网络自拍的社会功能,网络自拍文化亦在研究对象范畴之内。本文采用的主要研究方法为文献研究法,文本分析法和话语分析方法。本文共分为五个部分:第一部分简要概述了本研究提出的研究背景及意义,并对研究现状、研究方法和对象等进行了简明扼要的概括。第二部分将网络自拍与自画像、自拍像放到统一纵向时空中观察,发现技术赋予的易得性使原本稀少而神圣的通过形象图像化触及永恒的机会变得廉价,网络自拍也因此失去了精英文化色彩和艺术性质与普通社会大众紧紧结合在一起。第三部分探究自拍降格的原因。研究发现大众狂欢的社会召唤、纳喀索斯式的自恋情和自我意识的膨胀起到了关键作用。第四部分结合神话学与亚文化研究探索网络自拍的社会功能,发现网络自拍在图像修辞功能的指引下成为了社会大众都能灵活使用的现代神话,但也因此成为了主流文化规训的对象,并在个人、群体和社会层面上发挥着自己的功能。第五部分对本文进行了小结,分析了网络自拍背后的困境。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the emergence of human consciousness,the attention of human beings to "self"comes into being.The network selfie is the best way for the public to pay attention to self now.But the selfie is not a pure Internet product.Its predecessor can be traced back to the self-portraits that appeared in the Renaissance.For hundreds of years,self portrait has been leading the fashion.It was not until the birth of photography equipment that image recording became a mechanical trick.Expensive photographic equipment and complicated professional technology still keep selfie photography sacred and scarce.Until modern technology simplified photography into a simple operation that can be operated with one click,online selfies took the first step to become popular culture.It is not surprising that we should pay more attention to the research of selfie online today.So what is it to promote the record of personal image from sacred art to popular culture?What function has lost and what meaning has been given to the network selfie after the downgrade?In order to answer these questions,this paper,on the basis of combing the path of human’s exploration of "self" vertically,combined with Mikhail Bakhtin’s carnival theory,Roland Barthes’ mythology,subculture and "self" research,explores the reasons behind its shift to popularity,and the impact of this decline in artistic behavior on society and people.For this purpose,self portrait works,self portrait photography works and network selfie pictures are all included in the research scope of this paper;in order to explore the social function of network self portrait as a popular culture,network self portrait culture is also included in the research object scope.Among them,literature research is mainly to collect,organize and analyze the research results of domestic and foreign scholars in related fields,so as to establish research ideas.Text analysis refers to the collection of typical self portraits and self photography as well as selfies on the Internet as research texts to explore the different spiritual connotations behind different images.This paper is divided into five parts:the first part briefly summarizes the research background and significance of this study,and briefly summarizes the research status,research methods and objects.In the second part,we observe the network selfie,self portrait and self photography in a unified vertical space-time,and find that the accessibility given by technology makes the rare and sacred opportunity to touch the eternal through image visualization cheap,and the network selfie also loses the elite cultural color and the nature of art tightly combined with the general public.The third part explores the reasons for the fall of selfie.It is found that the social call of mass carnival,narcissism and the expansion of self-consciousness play a key role.The fourth part explores the social functions of online selfies by combining mythology and subculture research.It is found that under the guidance of image rhetoric,online selfies have become a modern myth that can be used flexibly by the general public,but also become the object of mainstream cultural discipline.And play its role at the individual,group,and social levels.The fifth part summarizes this article and analyzes the dilemma behind online selfies.更多还原