【作者】 安晓宁；

【导师】 辛岭；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 自2012年以来,我国粮食产量连续多年稳定在6亿吨以上;2018年我国人均粮食占有量达到477.21千克,超过世界平均水平;水稻、小麦、玉米三大谷物自给率保持在98%以上,粮食主产区功不可没。但是,长期以来,我国主要通过增加粮食产量、增强产粮能力来确保粮食安全,忽视了粮食主产区的产值能力及其农业产业结构和农业综合竞争力对粮食安全的重要支撑作用。粮食主产区粮食产量越来越高,但是农业经济效益较低,经济水平相对于非主产区越来越落后,产粮大县常常是财政穷县。在粮食主产区农民增产不增收、农产品供需矛盾、农业产业结构不合理等一系列问题尤为突出。着力推进农业产业结构优化与农业现代化二者协调发展,是我国当前和今后相当长时期内一项重大发展战略。农业现代化与农业产业结构优化在本质上是内在统一、相互协调、相互促进的,农业现代化是优化农业产业结构的重要基础保障,农业产业结构优化是发展农业现代化的助推剂,能有效带动农业现代化的发展。协调推进农业产业结构优化与在农业现代化发展,对于保障粮食安全、满足消费者需求具有重要意义。河南省地处我国中原地区,是传统农业大省,也是我国重要的粮食主产区,河南省农业发展对保障国家粮食安全起着举足轻重的作用。本研究以河南省作为典型省份,对粮食主产区农业现代化与农业产业结构优化进行研究;首先对粮食主产区整体与河南省农业产业结构优化与农业现代化发展水平现状进行研究;其次,将农业产业发展、农业产业结构调整、农业产业融合作为评价农业产业结构优化程度的子系统,选取农业生产现代化、农业产出现代化、农村社会经济现代化与农业生态现代化作为评价农业现代化的子系统,在此基础上,以变异系数法确定权重,采用多目标线性加权方法,对粮食主产区整体及河南省农业产业结构优化程度与农业现代化发展水平进行评价;再次,运用协调度模型,对农业产业结构优化与农业现代化协调发展进行测度与评价,总结粮食主产区与河南省农业产业结构优化与农业现代化协调发展的时空演变特点,探究粮食主产区与河南省农业产业结构优化与农业现代化协调发展的制约因素;最后,基于研究结论,提出粮食主产区整体层面和河南省农业产业结构优化与农业现代化发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 2012,China’s grain output has been stable at more than 600 million tons for years.In 2018,China’s per capita grain supply reached 477.21 kg,exceeding the world average.The self-sufficiency rate of rice,wheat and corn has been kept above 98 percent,which is largely attributable to the major grainproducing areas.However,for a long time,China has mainly ensured food security by increasing grain output and enhancing grain production capacity,ignoring the important supporting role of output capacity of main grain-producing areas,agricultural industrial structure and agricultural comprehensive competitiveness to food security.The grain output in major grain-producing areas is increasing,but the agricultural economic benefit is low,and the economic level is more and more backward compared with the non-major grain-producing areas.A series of problems are particularly prominent in major grainproducing areas,such as farmers increasing production but not increasing income,the contradiction between supply and demand of agricultural products,and the unreasonable structure of agricultural industry.It is an important development strategy for China at present and for a long time to come to promote the coordinated development of agricultural industrial structure optimization and agricultural modernization.In essence,agricultural modernization and agricultural industrial structure optimization are internally unified,mutually coordinated and mutually promoted.Agricultural modernization is an important basic guarantee for optimizing agricultural industrial structure,and agricultural industrial structure optimization is a booster for developing agricultural modernization,which can effectively drive the development of agricultural modernization.Coordinating and promoting the optimization of agricultural industrial structure and the development of agricultural modernization is of great significance to ensuring food security and meeting consumer demand.Henan province,located in the central plains of China,is not only a big traditional agricultural province,but also an important main grain producing area in China.This study takes Henan province as a typical province to study the agricultural modernization and the optimization of agricultural industrial structure in the main grain-producing areas.Firstly,the overall situation of major grain-producing areas,optimization of agricultural industrial structure and development level of agricultural modernization in Henan province were studied.Second,to develop the agricultural industry,agricultural industry structure adjustment and agricultural industry integration as the subsystem of the degree of evaluation of the agricultural industry structure optimization,selection of agriculture modernization,modernization of agricultural production,rural social economic modernization and agricultural ecological modernization as the subsystem of the evaluation of agricultural modernization,on this basis,with the variation coefficient method to determine weights,using multi-objective linear weighting method,for major grainproducing areas as a whole and degree of agriculture industry structure optimization in henan province and evaluate the level of agricultural modernization;Again,use coordination degree model,to the agricultural industrial structure optimization and the measure and evaluation on the coordinated development of agricultural modernization,summarizes the major grain producing areas and henan province agriculture industrial structure optimization and the space-time evolution characteristics of the coordinated development of agricultural modernization,to explore the major grain producing areas and henan province agriculture industry structure optimization and coordinated development of agricultural modernization constraints;Finally,based on the research conclusions,the overall level of major grainproducing areas and the development direction of agricultural industrial structure optimization and agricultural modernization in Henan province are proposed.更多还原