【作者】 胡涛；

【导师】 黄新建；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 区域经济学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 跨境电商持续快速深入的发展,对国际贸易的观念和方式产生了重要影响,给世界贸易格局带来巨大变革,也成为我国传统贸易的重要补充,对我国开放型经济发展发挥着越来越重要的作用。对内,跨境电商可以推动供给侧改革,优化产业结构,助力产业升级摆脱价值链低端锁定的困境;对外,跨境电商可以改善贸易结构,缓解国际收支平衡。当前,我国跨境电商产业正在成长为,以全球产品销售为终端,结合全球新型供应链、物联网、大数据精准营销、区块链等互联网技术,海外仓等现代物流网络为一体的庞大产业价值链,成为中国少数引领世界经济发展趋势的产业之一。跨境电子商务综合试验区是我国在跨境电商领域进行改革创新的区域,截止到到2019年12月,我国设立了四批共五十九个跨境电子商务综合试验区。这些综合试验区跨境电商产业发展的状况,可以在很大程度上代表我国跨境电商产业的发展状况。因此,本文从跨境电商产业竞争力的角度出发,采用因子分析法和聚类分析法对前三批共三十五个综合试验区跨境电商产业竞争力进行实证分析。通过分析得到以下几条结论:(1)从宏观层面上看,政策以扶持为主,行业不断趋向于规范、跨境电商交易额对进出口额和对经济增长的贡献越来越大;(2)从中观层面看,产业集中度极高,发展不平衡;(3)从微观层面看,龙头企业占据市场份额的半壁江山;进出口的产品类别、出口目的地、进口货源地都较为集中;(4)在跨境电商产业竞争力综合得分中,深圳、北京、广州、上海、杭州综合竞争力位于前五;(5)第一、第二批综合试验区综合竞争力水平要高于第三批综合试验区综合竞争力水平;(6)东部地区综合试验区跨境电商产业竞争力水平要高于中西部地区,东中西部地区发展不平衡;(7)聚类分析的结果分为三类城市。第一类为领先型城市,深圳、北京、广州、上海、杭州共五个城市;第二类为中坚型城市,苏州、宁波、南京等共十七个城市;第三类为追赶型城市,南昌、威海、大连等共十三个城市。最后,本文根据总结出的问题以及实证分析的结论,从各综合试验区跨境电商产业发展中存在的普遍性问题,在人才引进及培养、市场监管、目标市场选择三方面提出相应的建议。针对因子分析和聚类分析后,对三类综合试验区分别提出了以下政策建议,以提高跨境电商产业竞争力。领先型综合试验区:给与政策支持,鼓励进一步改革创新;中坚型综合试验区:加强跨境电商基础设施建设,改善跨境电商经营环境;追赶型综合试验区:精准定位,打造特色型跨境电商综合试验区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sustained,rapid,and in-depth development of cross-border e-commerce has exerted an important impact on the concepts and methods of international trade,brought about huge changes in the world trade pattern,and has become an important supplement to China’s traditional trade,playing an increasingly important role in the development of China’s open economy.Internally,cross-border e-commerce can promote supply-side reforms,optimize the industrial structure,and help industry upgrade to get rid of the dilemma of locking in the low value chain.Externally,cross-border e-commerce can improve the trade structure and ease the balance of international payments.At present,our country’s cross-border e-commerce industry is growing into a huge industry with global product sales as the terminal,combining modern global logistics networks such as global new supply chains,the Internet of Things,big data precision marketing,block chain technology,and overseas warehouses.The value chain has become one of China’s few industries leading the development trend of the world economy.The cross-border e-commerce Comprehensive pilot area is a reform and innovation area in the field of cross-border e-commerce in China.As of December 2019,China has set up four batches of 59 cross-border e-commerce pilot areas.The development of cross-border e-commerce industry in these comprehensive test areas can represent the development of our country’s cross-border e-commerce industry to a large extent.Therefore,based on the competitiveness of cross-border e-commerce industry,using factor analysis and cluster analysis,this paper makes an empirical analysis of the competitiveness of 35 cross-border e-commerce industry in the first three batches.The following conclusions are obtained through analysis:(1)From a macro perspective,the policy is mainly supportive,and the industry is constantly tending to regulate,and cross-border e-commerce transactions have made greater and greater contributions to import and export and economic growth;(2)From the meso level,the industry concentration is extremely high and the development is uneven;(3)From a micro-level perspective,leading enterprises occupy half of the market share;the product categories of import and export,export destinations,and import sources are relatively concentrated;(4)In the comprehensive score of cross-border e-commerce industry competitiveness,the comprehensive competitiveness of Shenzhen,Beijing,Guangzhou,Shanghai and Hangzhou is in the top five;(5)The comprehensive competitiveness level of the first and second batches of comprehensive pilot area is higher than the third batch;(6)The competitiveness level of the cross-border e-commerce industry in the comprehensive pilot area in the eastern region is higher than ithe central and western regions,and the development in the eastern,central,and western regions is uneven;(7)The results of cluster analysis are divided into three types of cities.The first category is a leading city,with a total of 5 cities including Shenzhen,Beijing,Guangzhou,Shanghai,and Hangzhou;the second category is a backbone city,with 17 cities including Suzhou,Ningbo,and Nanjing;the third category is a catch-up city,Nanchang,Weihai,Dalian and a total of 13 cities.Finally,based on the problems summarized and the conclusions of empirical analysis,this paper proposes corresponding Suggestions on talent introduction and cultivation,market supervision and target market selection from the general problems existing in the development of cross-border e-commerce industry in each comprehensive pilot area.Based on the results of factor analysis and cluster analysis,this paper proposes the following policy Suggestions for the pilot cities of three comprehensive pilot areas,so as to improve the competitiveness of cross-border e-commerce industry.Leading comprehensive pilot area:give policy support and encourage further reform and innovation;backbone comprehensive pilot area:strengthen cross-border e-commerce infrastructure construction and improve the operating environment of cross-border e-commerce;catch-up comprehensive pilot area:accurate positioning to create a featured cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot area.更多还原