【作者】 李霜；

【导师】 邵知宇；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 市政工程， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 快速化城市发展过程增加城市不透水下垫面占比导致内涝频发,带来极大的灾害损失。将城市道路设计为超标暴雨下涝水的行泄通道、构建管道与道路路网联合的城市排涝体系可成为解决内涝的重要手段。然而,目前针对管道与道路联合排涝系统的设计和计算方法仍存在诸多技术短板。针对这一技术瓶颈,开展了管道道路联合排涝系统在不同水力边界条件下的排涝能力与影响因素的研究。研究提出了区域最大排涝能力预测模型以及GIS信息化表征算法,为联合排涝系统的优化提供了约束条件;构建了道路一进两出交叉口流量分配算法,较好的预测了不同道路设计参数下的流量分配;将交叉口流量分配算法与SWMM水力模型进行耦合,提高了现有SWMM模型模拟道路交叉口处流量分配的精度;将研究的GIS信息化表征算法和交叉口耦合模型在实际工程中进行了应用,识别了内涝点,并针对内涝点进行了联合排涝系统的设计和改造。研究成果弥补了SWMM模拟城市道路交叉口流量分配精度不足的问题,可更准确进行内涝分析以及联合排涝系统的规划设计。主要研究内容及结论如下:(1)管道道路联合排涝系统最大排涝能力预测及信息化表征研究1)自由出流边界条件下,道路最大排涝能力随道路宽度增大而增大,随道路坡度增大呈先增大后减小的趋势;管道最大排涝能力随管道坡度、埋深和管径增大而增大。2)管道管径小于800mm时,系统排涝能力受道路设计参数的影响更为显著,影响排涝能力的设计参数中权重值最高的是道路宽度,其次为道路坡度;当管道管径大于800mm时,系统排涝能力受管道设计参数的影响更为显著,影响排涝能力的设计参数中权重值最高的是管道管径,其次为管道埋深,最后为管道坡度。3)下游水位顶托至溢流水位时,道路与管道最大排涝能力随设计参数变化的趋势与自由出流边界条件下保持一致。但系统排涝能力相比自由出流下有一定程度减小,减小程度在6.2%-82.7%之间。4)下游水位顶托至道路安全泄洪最高水位时,道路最大排涝能力随道路宽度增大而增大;道路最大排涝能力随道路坡度的变化与雨水管道管径有关。管道最大排涝能力随管道坡度增大而增大;管道排涝能力随管道管径的变化与管道坡度有关。系统最大排涝能力相比自由出流下同样有较大减小,减小程度在-15%-87%之间。(2)道路交叉口流量分配算法研究1)基于连续性方程、能量守恒与动量守恒方程,在MATLAB软件中利用最优化方法求解不同道路设计参数下一进两出交叉口的支路分流流量。结果显示支路分流比例随支路/主路宽度增大而增大;随主路上游来流量、主路上游弗劳德数、主路坡度增大而减小。2)当主路、支路宽度均为7m时,支路分流比例在5.5-27.8%之间;主路宽度14m,支路宽度7m时,支路分流比例在5.4%-20.7%之间;主路、支路宽度均为14m时,支路分流比例在5.5%-29.7%之间。3)本算法求解结果与已有经验公式计算结果对比,总体来说本研究提出的交叉口流量分配算法计算误差小于已有经验公式计算误差,更适用于城市道路尺度的交叉口分流流量求解。(3)道路排涝交叉口流量分配算法与SWMM水力模型耦合。将道路交叉口流量分配算法与SWMM水力模型耦合,在SWMM模型中分别利用出水口与堰流设置对交叉口处进行分流。结果显示,模拟时使用出水口进行分流更加精确。(4)实际工程案例。将耦合模型应用于研究区域内,根据已有研究成果对区域内联合排涝系统进行规划设计与改造,可为今后的内涝防治工程提供设计参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rapid urbanization process increases the proportion of impervious underlying surface which leads to frequent flood and great economic loss.Designing urban roads as drainage channel under heavy rainfall events and building sewer and roadway coupled drainage system are important ways to solve urban waterlogging.However,there are still technical shortcomings for design and calculation methods,which limits the application of this technology.Aiming at this,research on flood capacity and influencing factors of coupled drainage system under different hydraulic boundary conditions is carried out.GIS information representation algorithm for regional flood capacity prediction is constructed and applied.Secondly,a road drainage plane distribution algorithm is constructed to predict flow distribution better under different road design parameters and then is coupled with SWMM.Finally,according to the proposed algorithm and coupling model,waterlogging points in study area are identified and coupled drainage system is designed and reformed.Results show that couple of correlation algorithm and model can overcome the problem of insufficient precision of SWMM hydraulic model to simulate coupled sewer and roadway drainage system to some extent,and provide flow constraint conditions and optimization direction for the analysis of waterlogging and design of coupled drainage system.The research results are as follows:(1)Study on the prediction model of maximum flood capacity of coupled sewer and roadway drainage system.1)Under free boundary condition,maximum flooding capacity of road has a positive linear correlation with road width,and increases first and then decreases with the increase of road slope.The maximum flood capacity of sewer has a positive linear correlation with sewer slope,depth and diameter.2)When sewer diameter is greater than 800 mm,coupled system flood capacity is affected by sewer design parameters more.The highest weight value among design parameters affecting flood capacity is sewer diameter,followed by buried depth and slope.When sewer diameter is less than 800 mm,coupled system flood capacity is affected by roadway design parameters more.The highest weight value among design parameters affecting flood capacity is roayway,followed by slope.3)When downstream water level reaches to the critical level of sewer network,the trend of system’s flood capacity changing with related design parameters is consistent with that of free outlet condition,but compared with free boundary condition,the flood capacity is greatly reduced with the reduction rate between 6.2%-82.7%.4)When downstream water level reaches to the highest level of roadway discharge,road maximum flood capacity is positively correlated with road width.Road maximum flood capacity varing with road slope is related to sewer diameter.Sewer maximum flood capacity is positively correlated with sewer slope.Sewer maximum flood capacity varing with sewer diameter is related to sewer slope.Compared with free boundary condition,flood capacity is greatly reduced with the reduction rate between-15%-87%.(2)Study on plane distribution model of road drainage intersection1)Based on continuity,energy conservation and momentum conservation equations,optimization method is used to solve the diversion flow of branch road under different road design parameters in MATLAB software.Results show that split ratio of branch road is negatively correlated with upstream flow rate,upstream froude number and slope of main road,and positively correlated with branch/main road width ratio.2)When main and branch road width equal to 7m,the split ratio of branch road is between 5.5%-27.8%;when main road width equals to 14 m and branch road width equals to 7m,the split ratio of branch road is between 5.4%-20.7%;when main and branch road width equal to 14 m,the split ratio of branch road is between 5.5%-29.7%.3)Compared with existing empirical solution,this proposed algorithm calculation error is smaller than the existing empirical solution error,and is more suitable for the intersection flow calculation of urban road scale.(3)Road drainage intersection plane distribution algorithm is coupled with SWMM hydraulic model.In this coupled model,outlet and weir flow settings are used to achieve flow diversion in road intersection.Results show that outlet setting at the intersection is more accurate to simulate water division.(4)Applying the coupling model to research area,the planning,designning and reconstruction of sewer and road drainage system in this area are carried out according to the above research results,which can also provide reference for the design of waterlogging prevention and flood control engineering in the future.更多还原