【作者】 李永强；

【导师】 王桂英； 李大志；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳农业大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 面对光伏产能爆发式的增长和上网补贴调整引起的“抢装潮”,光伏电站从设计到建成投产时间较为仓促,在施工或投运时常会遇到各种各样前期设计的遗留问题。为此,论文通过科学规划设计方法和光伏电站相关设计理论,对光伏电站的站址选择和光伏发电系统设计进行了深入研究。结合营口地区50MW光伏电站实际案例,解决了地面光伏电站前期设计中的站址太阳能资源评估,设备选型,阵列运行方式,接线方案和上网电量预测问题。论文提出了在区域不具备太阳能辐射监测站时的太阳能资源数据获取方法,借助气象软件和权威数据库对指定区域气象数据进行插值计算,并验证了所获取数据的可信度。通过对营口地区太阳能资源和气象数据的详细评估,揭示了该地区太阳能水平面总辐射年总量,证明该地区适合建设地面光伏电站对太阳能资源进行规模开发利用。论文根据案例实际情况给出了太阳能电池类别和太阳能电池组件型号的选择依据,并结合逆变器各项技术指标提供了选型依据,综合考虑太阳能电池组件和逆变器技术参数计算出合理的组件串设计。论文提出了光伏方阵多级汇集的分层结构设计原则,并兼顾前提投入成本和后期维护难度,确定了太阳能电池组件支架采用固定式运行方式。根据站址实际地理位置,计算出了电池组件的最佳安装倾角以保证组件表面接受的光照辐射量最大化,进而确保电站全年发电量最大。论文在上述研究基础上提出了营口50MW地面光伏电站的设计方案,并根据站址实际情况计算出了阴影系数,由此设计了太阳能电池组件支架、方阵的布局和接线方式。分析了该站建设及运行期间对环境的影响,评估了该站能为当地创造的直接发电、环境效益和间接的社会效益。营口50MW地面光伏电站在技术经济层面、社会环境效益方面均是可行的,具有十分可观的经济和环境效益。对于今后相同类型的地面光伏电站投资建造,论文研究内容能提供一定的初期设计理论指导和实践借鉴价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid growth of photovoltaic(PV)generation and the installation tide caused by the adjustment of feed-in subsidies,kinds of problems may occur in the duration of construction or feed-in generation.Some should be treated carefully in the early design but not for the packed schedule of building a photovoltaic power station(PPS).Therefore,the paper studies on the site selection and the generation system design of a typical PPS through the scientific planning method and design theory.In a case of 50 MW PPS in Yingkou,the work solves some key points in the early design process,including the solar resource assessment,equipment selection,array operation mode,connection scheme and electric quantity prediction.This paper proposed a method of obtaining the solar energy data in the area where the solar radiation monitoring station is not available.In this method,the weather data of a designated area are interpolated with the weather software and the authoritative database.And the reliability of the obtained data is verified.Through the detailed assessment of the solar resource and meteorological data in Yingkou,the annual solar energy in the city is revealed,which proves that the area is suitable for the construction of the ground PPS for the scale development of solar resource.According to the actual situation of the case,the paper gives the principle of selecting the solar cell and the solar module types,and also provides the guide of selecting the PV inverter in the consideration of technical indexes.A reasonable design of solar module strings is calculated by considering the technical parameters of both the solar module and the inverter.A hierarchical structure principle is proposed to explain the multi-stage collection of PV arrays.It considers both the early cost and the maintenance difficulty and then determines the utilization of the fixed operation of the module support.Based on the actual site location,the optimal installation inclination of the modules is calculated to ensure the maximum radiation received on the surface and then to maximize the power generation of the whole station annually.On the basis of the above research,the overall scheme of a 50 MW PPS in Yingkou is proposed.The shadow coefficient is calculated and then the layout and connection of the module brackets are designed further.Finally,the environmental impact during the station construction and operation is analyzed,and the direct power generation,environmental benefits and indirect social benefits that the station can create for the local area are also evaluated.The work proves that the scheme of a 50 MW PPS in Yingkou is feasible in terms of technical,economic and environmental benefits.It also provides experience for the construction of such a similar PPS.更多还原