【作者】 马林；

【导师】 宋现敏；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 机动车数量的快速增长与城市道路的有限空间存在的矛盾造成了一系列交通问题。信号交叉口作为城市道路的重要节点,其运行效率很大程度上决定了城市交通的整体运行状态。信号交叉口的交通需求在时间与空间维度上均具有一定差异性,导致传统控制条件下信号交叉口时空资源利用率较低。现有的大多数交通控制策略主要通过交通信号来控制冲突交通流的通行时间与通行顺序,此类方法难以应对交通需求变化较大的情况,交叉口时空资源利用程度较低。为应对更加复杂的交通需求场景,提高交叉口运行效率,本文对基于动态车道的交叉口时空资源优化方法进行了研究。首先对信号交叉口时空资源配置特性进行研究。在预设交通条件下,分析了总量交通需求与转向交通需求波动条件下,交通信号控制与动态车道控制方法的时空资源优化特性。得出两种控制方式对于交叉口时空资源优化的差异性与各自适用的交通条件。在此基础上,研究了两种控制方式对于时空资源优化的互补效应,并对信号控制和动态车道的时空资源优化协同性进行分析,包括协同控制的可行性分析与协同控制效益的研究。研究结果表明,交通信号控制与动态车道控制方法具有各自效益范围,且存在适用条件的互补性,二者协同控制可以有效提高交叉口时空资源利用率,增加交叉口应对复杂交通需求条件的能力,有效提高了交叉口运行效率。其次对单点控制条件下动态车道时空资源优化方法进行研究。分析了动态车道运行所需的交通需求条件、道路渠化条件及交通信号条件,并对动态车道时空资源优化目标及优化策略进行研究。在考虑交叉口渠化与交通信号差异的条件下,提出了基于非线性整数规划的动态车道单点优化模型,并给出求解方法。此外研究了动态车道方案接驳方法,以解决实际工程应用中的方案过渡问题。随后对动态车道在干线协调条件下的时空资源优化方法进行研究。基于传统干线协调控制思想与动态车道控制方法的研究成果,分析了动态车道在干线协调条件下的应用可行性,提出了动态车道在干线协调条件下的优化目标与控制策略。在考虑干线车辆运行延误与协调绿波带宽的基础上,建立了多目标遗传算法的动态车道干线协调模型,并给出干线协调条件下该模型的应用方法。最后,对所提出的单点及干线协调条件下基于动态车道的交叉口时空资源优化方法进行案例分析。在单点案例中,研究了转向重交通流与公交优先两种情况下动态车道的应用效益。结果表明,所提出模型可以显著降低左转及右转重交通流条件下车辆运行延误,并提高特定交通条件下的公交优先程度。干线协调案例分析表明,所提出方法可以有效降低干线交叉口车辆延误,同时增加协调绿波带宽,提高干线协调能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contradiction between the rapid growth of the number of vehicles and the limited space of urban roads has caused a series of traffic problems.As important nodes of urban roads,the operating efficiency of signalized intersections largely determines the operating status of urban traffic.The traffic demand of signalized intersections is different in both time and space dimensions,which leads to a low utilization of spacetime resources at signalized intersections under traditional control conditions.Most existing traffic control strategies use traffic signals to control the transit time and sequence of conflicting traffic flows.It is difficult to cope with the fluctuations of traffic demand,and the utilization of space-time resources of intersections is low.In order to meet more complicated traffic demand scenarios and improve the operating efficiency of intersections,this paper studies the optimization method of time-space resources of intersections based on dynamic lane grouping.Firstly,this paper studies the characteristics of space-time resources allocation at signalized intersections.Under the preset traffic conditions,the characteristics of traffic signal control and dynamic lane grouping methods under the conditions of total traffic demand and turning traffic demand are analyzed.The differences between the two control methods for space-time resource optimization and their applicable traffic conditions are found.Based on research conclusions,this paper analyzes the complementary effects of the two control methods on the optimization of space-time resources.The feasibility analysis and the study of the benefits of collaborative control between two control methods are included.The research results show that the traffic signal control and dynamic lane grouping methods are complementary in scope of benefits and applicable conditions.The collaborative control of them can effectively improve the utilization of space-time resources,increase the ability to cope with complex traffic demand conditions,and improve the operating efficiency of intersections.Secondly,the method of space-time resource optimization of dynamic lane grouping under isolated intersections is studied.It considers the traffic demand,road channelization,and traffic signal conditions required for dynamic lane operation,and the optimization goals and strategies of space-time resources for dynamic lanes are studied.Considering the differences between intersection channelization and traffic signals,an optimization model for isolated intersections based on nonlinear integer programming is proposed,and the solution method is included.In addition,the method of switching the scheme is studied to solve the problem of scheme transition in practical engineering applications.Then,the space-time resource optimization method of dynamic lanes under the condition of arterial coordination is studied.Based on the research results of traditional arterial coordinated control theories and dynamic lane control methods,the feasibility of the application of dynamic lanes under arterial coordination conditions is analyzed,and the optimization goals and control strategies of dynamic lanes under arterial coordination conditions are proposed.Based on the consideration of the delay of mainline vehicles and the coordination of green wave bandwidth,a multi-objective genetic algorithm dynamic lane coordination model is established,and the application method of the model under the condition of mainline coordination is given.Finally,the cases of the space-time resource optimization methods based on dynamic lane intersections under the isolated intersections and arterial coordination conditions are analyzed.In the cases of isolated intersections,the application benefits of dynamic lanes under the conditions of heavy turning traffic flow and bus priority are studied.The results show that the proposed model can significantly reduce vehicle delays in heavy left-turn and right-turn traffic conditions,and increase the priority of public transit under specific traffic conditions.The analysis of arterial coordination case shows that the proposed method can effectively reduce vehicle delays and increase the green bandwidth,which improves the ability of coordination.更多还原