【作者】 张文杰；

【导师】 孟鸿志；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 法律硕士（法学）（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》(以下简称《条例》)的颁布实施,表明了我们建设法治政府、阳光政府的决心和勇气,特别是2019年新修订的《条例》又将政府信息公开推向了一个新的高度。我们在政府信息公开过程中倡导政务信息公开,呼吁阳光政府的建设,公民有获取信息的权利,但是第三人的合法权益却时常被忽视。以及随之而来的问题也渐渐突显,尤其是在第三方提起反信息公开诉讼中,对信息公开的公共利益要求与商业秘密、个人隐私的第三方合法权益的冲突。公与私天然就是一对矛盾体,公共利益与私人利益并不会在任何情况下保持一致,恰恰相反,公共利益的实现常常会引起私人利益的牺牲,私人利益的实现一般也会要求公共利益做出妥协,两者不可避免地构成一对矛盾体共生于政府信息公开制度里。从现代各国的实践来看,如何在政府信息的公开利益与第三人合法权益之间寻求一个恰当的平衡点是一个普遍面临的难题。本文以“俞霞金与鄞州区政府信息公开诉讼”一案为切入点,通过对案情和裁判结果的梳理,找出本案在利益衡量过程中存在的问题,经过一系列的归纳分析,源于案例、回归案例,在文章最后将个案类型化,从而更好地指导司法实践。在利益衡量过程中,首先要找到存在着的不同利益,新《条例》第32条的修订宣示了第三方合法权益包括但不限于商业秘密、个人隐私,公共利益的抽象和不确定并非我们逃避衡量的理由,至少要在个案中将自有的公共利益固定下来。在对利益进行解构之后,将所需衡量的不同利益置于同一平面进行权衡,对利益进行排序,但不是我们所认知的简简单单“比大小”,而是要遵循一定的原则、程序和举证责任。通过公益优先和公开优先的首要原则进行相关性分析,听取当事人的说理,对第三方合法利益进行特殊保护,运用合理的举证责任分配方式以便法官查清案件事实,剔除一些无关的考量因素,最后做出一个合法、合理、合情的利益衡量。对第三人合法权益的保护是衡量政府信息公开合理化的重要标志,也是判断政府是否是民主政府、法治政府、阳光政府的重要标尺。在司法实践中,一方主体享有知情权,以监督政府、提高政府的工作效率,满足自身乃至公众的利益;另一方主体享有对自己商业秘密和个人隐私等不为人知的权益。在诉讼过程中对私人利益与公共利益进行权衡,判断利益位阶并使利益最大化,这是我们一直追求的价值所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 The promulgation and implementation of the regulations on government information disclosure of the People’s Republic of China shows our determination and courage in building a law-based and sunshine government.In the process of government information disclosure,we advocate the openness of government information and call for the construction of sunshine government.Citizens have the right to access information,but the legitimate rights and interests of the third party are often ignored.In particular,the public interest requirement for information disclosure conflicts with the legitimate rights and interests of the third party for trade secrets and personal privacy,when the third party files an anti-information disclosure lawsuit.Public and private natural is a paradox,public interests and personal interests will not be in any case,on the contrary,the realization of the interests of the public will often cause the expense of private interests,the realization of the interests of the private generally also requires the public interest to make compromise,inevitably constitute a paradox of both were born in the government information disclosure system.From the practice of modern countries,how to find a proper balance between the public interest of government information and the legitimate rights and interests of the third party is a universal problem.Based on "YuXiajin and Yinzhou district government information disclosure litigation" a case as the breakthrough point,through combing with the result of the case and the referee,to find problem in this case in the process of interest measure,after a series of inductive analysis,from the case,return case,at the end of the article will be case typed,to better guide judicial practice.In the process of interest measure,the first thing to find there are different interests,the new "byelaw" the revision of article 32 declared the legal interests of third parties including but not limited to,trade secrets,personal privacy and public interest of abstraction and uncertainty is not the reason why we escape the measure,at least in the case of their own in the public interest.After the deconstruction of interests,the different interests that need to be measured are put in the same plane to be weighed and the interests are sorted.However,instead of simply "comparing the size" as we know,certain principles,procedures and burden of proof should be followed.By the first principle of public welfare and public preference for correlation analysis,to hear the reasoning of the parties and to special protection of the interests of third parties,reasonable use of the way of distribution of evidential burden in order to find out the case facts,a judge to eliminate some irrelevant considerations,finally make a lawful,reasonable and reasonable interests of the measure.The protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the third party is an important symbol to measure the rationalization of government information disclosure,as well as an important yardstick to judge whether the government is a democratic government,a law-based government or a sunshine government.In judicial practice,one party enjoys the right to know to supervise the government,improve the work efficiency of the government,and meet the interests of itself and the public.The other party enjoys unknown rights and interests such as trade secrets and personal privacy.In the process of litigation,we weigh the private interest and public interest,judge the interest rank and maximize the interest,which is the value we have been pursuing.更多还原