【作者】 孙瑜；

【导师】 禹东川；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 心理学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 孤独症(自闭症)谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)是一种神经发育障碍(Neurodevelopmental Disorder),其核心症状为社交交流和社交互动缺陷、狭隘兴趣与刻板行为。孤独症儿童社会情绪能力发展是其能够良好与他人交流互动的基础,也是其社会性缺陷的核心。对孤独症儿童的社会情绪能力实施干预能够增强其理解和运用自我和他人情绪的能力,改善其社会互动缺陷。目前,正常儿童社会情绪能力培训领域的手段和课程都已相当成熟,但它们大多以卡片交换、故事创想、角色扮演、团体游戏为主要的交互载体,十分依赖孩子的心理理论和环境假想能力的发展,而这些能力恰恰是孤独症儿童欠缺的核心能力,因此常用的干预手段对孤独症儿童并不十分适用。虚拟现实技术能够创设逼真的虚拟环境,具有沉浸式、互动性的特点,可以让孤独症儿童亲眼“看”到世界,而不用通过想象,不依赖儿童基本能力的发展,是孤独症儿童社会情绪能力干预领域十分有潜力的探索方向。基于上述观点,本课题研发了基于虚拟现实技术的孤独症儿童社会情绪能力干预系统,该系统通过Unity3D平台创设生动的海洋场景、开发互动程序,采用Kinect传感器采集儿童动作信息,利用小海豚虚拟角色与孤独症儿童互动,引导儿童完成预设情境下的游戏任务。为验证系统的有效性,本课题选取16名高功能孤独症儿童,通过匹配后分成两组,每组8人,对实验组实施为期2个月的干预训练,结合对照组评测数据分析干预结果,发现实验组干预前后孤独症儿童的社会情绪能力有显著差异。综上所述,本课题实现了互联网化的训练和沉浸式、无负担的人机交互,证实了将虚拟现实技术引入孤独症儿童社会情绪能力干预领域的可行性和有效性。对该干预载体的探索所取得的研究成果为领域内更加深入的研究提供了一定的借鉴意义和实用价值,展示了虚拟现实技术在儿童发展领域的美好应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a kind of Neurodevelopmental Disorder,whose core symptoms are social communication and social interaction deficits,narrow interests and stereotypes.The development of social emotional ability of autistic children is the basis of their good interaction with others,and also the core of their social deficiencies.At present,the means and courses in the field of social emotional ability training for normal children are quite mature,but these interactive carriers,which mainly consist of card exchange,story creation,role playing and group games,rely heavily on the development of children’s psychological theory and environmental imagination abilities.These abilities are precisely the core abilities that autistic children lack,so the commonly used interventions are not very suitable for children with autism.Virtual reality technology can create a realistic virtual environment with immersive and interactive characteristics.It can let autistic children "see" the world with their own eyes,without imagination and relying on the development of children’s basic abilities.It is a valuable exploration direction in the field of intervention of social emotional abilities of autistic children.Based on the above theory,this project develops a social emotional ability intervention system for autistic children based on virtual reality technology.Through the Unity3 D platform,it creates vivid ocean scenes and develops interactive programs.Kinect sensor is used to collect children’s action information,and dolphin virtual role is used to interact with autistic children to guide children to complete the game tasks in the default situation.In order to verify the effectiveness of the system,16 children with high-functioning autism were selected and divided into two groups after matching.8 children in each group were trained for two months in the experimental group.The results of the intervention were analyzed with the evaluation data of the control group.It was found that there were significant differences in the social emotional ability of autistic children in the experimental group before and after the intervention.In summary,the system realizes the Internet-based training and immersive,unburdened human-computer interaction,which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing virtual reality technology into the field of social emotional ability intervention for autistic children.The research results of this intervention vector provide certain reference significance and practical value for further research in the field,and show the bright application prospect of virtual reality technology in the field of children development.更多还原