【作者】 王璐；

【导师】 张双才；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 工商管理（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 小微企业在我国国民经济和社会发展过程中起着重要作用,是国民经济发展的主力军。近年来,受国家政策层面影响,小微企业迅速发展,但随之而来信贷风险问题也在日益增多。相对于大型企业和国有企业而言,大多数小微企业自身经营规模小、财务信息不完整、风险承受能力差、自有资产不足、缺乏贷款相关的抵质押品等原因导致信贷违约的风险更大。另一方面,由于企业性质不同,所处地域经济环境不同,一些适用于大中型企业的指标和方式,对小微企业并不适用。金融机构在支持小微企业业务发展的同时,对长期持续的风险管理问题也是不可小觑。因此,各金融机构急需对小微企业整个贷款风险管控流程进行梳理分析,并及时提出措施,进一步降低小微企业信贷业务的风险。本文以信贷风险管理理论为基础,通过文献研究法、调查研究法、定量分析法等研究方法,对T商行小微企业的信贷风险管理问题进行重点研究。首先,本文对小微企业业务现状和当前风险管控流程进行介绍,通过数据分析,发现近年来小微企业不良率在逐渐攀升。其次,对T商行小微信贷风险管理存在问题进行剖析,发现T商行小微信贷中心信用评级体系存在指标权重设定不合理和缺乏对信贷风险综合性评价的问题,同时,贷前、贷中、贷后不同环节管控也存在很多问题。最后,针对这些问题对T商行小微信贷中心风险管理提出优化措施。在信用评级方面,结合小微企业特点,运用模糊层次法构建小微企业信贷评价体系;对各管控流程进行重新梳理优化,在加强贷前调查风险控制方面,提出建立信息共享平台、建立贷前考核机制等措施;在完善贷中审批管控方面提出完善信贷审批制度、建立信贷审批决策系统、抵押物风险管理优化、建立审批条件落实监督机制等措施;在加强贷后风险管理方面,提出完善贷后检查检测报告制度、加强贷后监督和完善贷后管理岗位、建立动态监测机制等措施;在信贷队伍建设方面,建议大力引进和培养风险管理人才、定期开展信贷业务人员的专业素质培训、完善激励约束机制等措施;在与其他机构合作方面,建议开展与保险公司等商业机构的合作、开展与大数据平台的合作等措施。本文的研究有助于提高T商行小微信贷中心风险管理水平,同时为其他小微金融从业人员提供一些借鉴和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Small and micro enterprises play an important role in the process of national economy and social development,and they are the main force of national economic development.In recent years,affected by the national policy,small and micro enterprises have developed rapidly,but the credit risk problem is also increasing.Compared with large-scale enterprises and state-owned enterprises,most of the small and micro enterprises have their own small business scale,incomplete financial information,poor risk tolerance,lack of free assets,lack of loan related collateral and other reasons,which lead to greater risk of credit default.On the other hand,due to the different nature of enterprises and the different regional economic environment,some indicators and methods applicable to large and medium-sized enterprises are not applicable to small and micro enterprises.While supporting the business development of small and micro enterprises,financial institutions should also pay attention to the long-term and sustainable risk management.Therefore,all financial institutions urgently need to sort out and analyze the whole loan risk management and control process of small and micro enterprises,and put forward measures in time to further reduce the risk of small and micro enterprise credit business.Based on the theory of credit risk management,this paper focuses on the credit risk management of small and micro enterprises of T commercial bank through literature research,investigation and quantitative analysis.First of all,this paper introduces the current business situation and risk management and control process of small and micro enterprises.Through data analysis,it is found that the non-performing rate of small and micro enterprises is gradually increasing in recent years.Secondly,the paper analyzes the problems of small and micro credit risk management of T commercial bank,and finds that there are some problems in the credit rating system of small and micro credit center of T commercial bank,such as unreasonable setting of index weight and lack of comprehensive evaluation of credit risk.Atthe same time,there are many problems in the management and control of different links before,during and after loan.Finally,aiming at these problems,the paper puts forward optimization measures for risk management of small and micro credit center of T commercial bank.Small and micro businesses are combined with small and micro enterprises to build credit evaluation system based on the characteristics of small and micro businesses.The management and control processes are reorganized and optimized.In order to strengthen risk control in pre loan investigation,the paper proposes measures to establish information sharing platform and establish pre loan assessment mechanism,and puts forward perfecting credit approval system and establishing credit audit in improving loan approval management.In the aspect of strengthening post loan risk management,the paper puts forward measures such as improving post loan inspection and detection report system,strengthening post loan supervision and improving post loan management post,establishing dynamic monitoring mechanism,etc.;in the aspect of credit team construction,it is suggested to vigorously introduce and cultivate risk management talents and regularly open In terms of cooperation with other institutions,it is suggested to carry out cooperation with commercial institutions such as insurance companies,and cooperation with big data platforms.The research of this paper is helpful to improve the risk management level of small and micro credit center of T commercial bank,and provide some reference for other small and micro financial practitioners.更多还原