【作者】 杨迪；

【导师】 张涛；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 学科教学（物理）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 “作业”作为物理学习的重要环节之一,起着承载并延伸课堂知识的关键作用。学生可通过“作业”进一步内化知识,教师可基于“作业”了解学生的学习情况,对教学内容适时做出调整,因而“作业”可成为教学相长的重要工具。但由于物理在高考中所占比重较大,许多物理教师将“作业”视为提升学生成绩的最佳工具,受此功利色彩目的的影响,“物理作业”在很多方面存在着弊端,体现之一就是教师大多采用“一刀切”的方式布置“作业”、采用统一的标准来评价“作业”,这种方式致使学生的个体差异化需求无法得到满足,直接影响学生的全面发展。因此,对“物理作业”进行分层处理是十分必要的。本文在国内外有关“作业”、“物理作业”、“分层作业”以及“高中物理分层作业”研究的基础上,采用问卷调查法就目前“高中物理作业”的现状以及师生对“分层作业”的认识和接受程度等方面展开了调查和分析,结合分析结果与多元智能理论、最近发展区理论以及人本主义学习理论等相关理论,提出了“高中物理分层作业”的实施策略,该策略包括“高中物理分层作业”设计的基本原则、“高中物理分层作业”的设计策略和“高中物理分层作业”的评价策略,其中设计的基本原则包括:学生分层的基本原则和作业分层的基本原则;设计策略包括:符合教学目标要求的策略、符合学生实情的策略、符合形式多样的策略和符合难度分层的策略;评价策略包括:多元化评价策略、多样化评价策略和多层面评价策略,并根据“高中物理分层作业”的设计策略进行了案例设计和具体分析。最后对研究工作进行了总结与展望,希望本研究能够为一线的物理教师提供参考,将“分层作业”更好地融入到高中物理教学中,取得更佳的教学效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the most important links in physics learning," homework" plays a key role in carrying and extending classroom knowledge.Students can further internalize their knowledge through “homework”and teachers can grasp students’ learning situation to adjust their teaching arrangements.Therefore,“homework” can serve as an important tool for benefiting teaching and learning at the same time.However,due to the important status of physics in the national unified examination for admission to colleges,many physics teachers regard "homework" as the best way to improve students’ performance.Influenced by the purpose,"physics homework" is disadvantageous in many aspects,for example,teachers mostly arrange the same “homework” for all students,and use a uniform standard to evaluate students’ “homework”,which cannot meet students’ individual demand and directly affects their all-round development.Therefore,it is necessary to assign "physics homework” separately to the students at different academic levels.Based on the domestic and foreign researches on "homework","physics homework","layered homework" and "physical layered homework for senior high school",this paper uses questionnaire survey to analyze the current situation of "senior high school physics homework",and the recognition and acceptance for "layered homework",etc..By combing the analysis result with the theory of multiple intelligences,zone of proximal development,humanistic learning,etc.,this paper proposes the implementation strategy of "physical layered homework for senior high school",which includes the basic designing principles,the designing and evaluation strategies.Among them,the basic designing principles includes the layered principle for students and homework;the designing strategies includes the strategies of conforming to the teaching objectives,the students’ realities,the diversified forms and the layered difficulty;the evaluation strategies includes the diversified evaluation strategies,the multiform evaluation strategy and the multilevel evaluation strategy.Based on the designing strategy,cases design and specific analysis are carried out.Finally,the paper gives conclusions,shortcomings,future prospects,and hopes that this research would provide reference for physics teachers to integrate “layered homework” into their practical teaching well to achieve better teaching efficiency.更多还原