【作者】 赵勇；

【导师】 王庆华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着改革开放的发展,我国城市化进程明显加快。受城市中心住房供给水平和群众支付能力水平的限制,高层电梯住宅成为市场选择的一种高效供给方式。相对于低密度高档住宅,高层电梯住宅具有成本低、规模大、能快速满足群众城市化需求等特点,已然成为城市内原棚户区居民、中低收入者迅速改善居住条件的有效方式。作为高层住宅特有的公共配套设施,电梯日益被高层住宅小区居民所依赖。随着社会宣传的不断深入和群众安全意识的提高,居民对高层住宅电梯安全的心理预期也逐渐随之升高。随着时间的推移,个别高层电梯住宅小区由于维护成本高、管理难度大或者住户物业费缴纳不足等原因导致物业管理单位弃管而成了“无人管”或者“不敢管”的“弃管”小区。此类小区的电梯因安全责任主体不明、部件老化、日常管理缺失等原因出现了严重的安全隐患对于行政执法部门来说,监管人员在“弃管”小区面临着进退两难的执法困境。如果仅依据部门执行的法律“一停了之”,虽可避免因电梯隐患而造成的事故,但极可能因降低群众生活质量引爆不满情绪甚至或引发群体性上访事件。如果任由隐患发展而不采取措施,电梯安全事故带来的不仅是群众生命财产损害,也会使监管人员面临严厉的行政或者刑事追责。所以,以治理的方式消除“弃管”小区电梯安全隐患具有多方面的积极意义。本文将协商治理理论、利益相关者理论、集体行动理论等作为研究视窗,采取问卷调查、访谈等研究方法,对长春市E区“弃管”小区电梯安全隐患治理状况进行多方位呈现。通过研究,本文对治理过程中发现的诸如政府部门参与治理的积极性不高、治理政策不够精准、群众参与治理的水平不高等5个问题进行深入的原因剖析,综合理论研究和经验成果借鉴提出完善“弃管”小区电梯安全隐患治理的对策,即增强政府主体目标的一致性、扩展治理主体利益的兼容性、构建协商治理机制等,期望能对今后不断出现的此类居民小区电梯安全隐患治理提供思考方向和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of reform and opening up,the process of urbanization in China has accelerated obviously.Restricted by the supply level of urban central housing and the level of people’s ability to pay,high-rise elevator housing has become an efficient supply mode chosen by the market.Compared with the low-density high-end housing,the high-rise elevator housing has the characteristics of low cost,large scale and fast meeting the needs of the people’s urbanization.It has become an effective way to improve the living conditions of the original shantytown residents and low-income people in the city.As the unique public supporting facilities of high-rise residential buildings,elevators are increasingly relied on by residents of high-rise residential areas.With the deepening of social propaganda and the improvement of people’s safety awareness,the residents’ psychological expectation of elevator safety in high-rise residential buildings is gradually increasing.With the passage of time,some high-rise elevator residential areas have become "unattended" or "dare not to manage" residential areas because of the high maintenance cost,difficult management or insufficient payment of property fees.The elevator in this kind of community has serious potential safety hazards due to unclear safety responsibility subject,aging parts,lack of daily management and other reasonsFor the administrative law enforcement departments,the supervisors are faced with a dilemma in the "abandoned management" district.If only according to the law "one stop" implemented by the Department,although the accident caused by elevator hidden dangers can be avoided,it is likely to cause dissatisfaction or even mass petitions due to the reduction of the quality of life of the masses.If the hidden danger is allowed to develop and no measures are taken,the elevator safety accident will not only cause damage to people’s lives and property,but also make supervisors face severe administrative or criminal accountability.Therefore,it has many positive significance to eliminate the hidden danger of elevator safety in the "abandoned pipe" community by the way of governance.This paper takes negotiation governance theory,stakeholder theory and collectiveaction theory as the research window,and adopts questionnaire survey,interview and other research methods to present the governance situation of elevator safety hazards in E District of Changchun City.Through research,this paper analyzes the causes of the five problems found in the process of governance,such as the low enthusiasm of government departments to participate in governance,the imprecise governance policies,and the low level of people’s participation in governance.Based on the comprehensive theoretical research and experience results,this paper puts forward countermeasures to improve the governance of elevator safety hazards in "abandoned management" communities,that is,to enhance the consistency of the main objectives of the government To expand the compatibility of the interests of the main governance bodies,to build a negotiated governance mechanism,etc.,we hope to provide thinking direction and suggestions for the governance of the potential safety hazards of elevators in such residential areas in the future.更多还原