【作者】 王珏；

【导师】 汤夺先；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 社会工作， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 从中国残疾人联合会发布的2018年《中国残疾人事业发展统计公报》数据来看,我国不同残疾种类和不同残疾等级的残疾人就业人数涨幅明显。到2018年为止,在城镇和农村范围内,全国持证残疾人就业人数为948.4万人,残疾人就业工作开展得井然有序。然而残疾人群体由于身心上的缺陷造成的特殊性,未参加就业的残疾人占总数比仍然大,就业难度高。为了更好地满足残疾群体的多元就业需求,落实十九大“发展残疾人事业,加强残疾康复服务”的方针,近年来,中国残疾人联合会积极倡导民间力量开办残疾人社会服务机构,并向智力、精神和重度肢体残疾群体提供一种更具有中国特色的残疾人就业保障模式,即辅助性就业。且随着社会的不断发展与进步,社会工作以其专业性与本土性的迅速发展,为介入残疾人辅助性就业提供可能。本文以合肥市H辅助性就业机构为研究点,聚焦该机构辅助性就业实践模式研究,运用文献法、访谈法和参与观察法对H机构残疾人辅助性就业状况进行分析,结合访谈内容从机构开展辅助性就业动机、就业内容及目标、资金来源和机构内学员互动情况具体阐述了辅助性就业取得的现状与成效,同时也反映出就业过程中出现的问题。H机构在开展辅助性就业过程中存在就业质量低和社会工作者、志愿者与机构需求缺位等困境。在此基础之上,以新残疾人观为指导,运用生态系统理论,尝试从宏观政府部门和社会意识层面,中观社区、企业层面和微观机构和个人层面分析残疾人辅助性就业在实际运行过程中的影响因素,包括在辅助性就业发展过程中出现的政府政策法规支持不足、残联与其他部门配合不充分、社会观念落后;社区支持与企业支持功能未有效发挥;机构自身能力有限以及残疾人的情绪和行为问题,并提出相应的破解之道。通过引入社会工作者促进残疾人辅助性就业的发展,以智力、精神和重度肢残者辅助性就业为关注点,社会工作者以服务提供者、政策倡导者、资源连接者等角色在强调政府地位、完善就业政策法规、提升社会观念、加强社区和企业互动、提高机构就业质量以及协助调适残疾人个体等层面发挥专业优势,并针对不同残疾类型提供个性化服务,兼容并重,最大化地帮助残疾人通过就业回归社会、融入社会。专业社会工作介入残疾人辅助性就业有助于推进残疾人事业建设,实现残疾人福祉。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to data from the Statistical Bulletin on the Development of the Cause of Persons with Disabilities in China,the number of persons with various types of disabilities in employment in China has been growing rapidly,and by 2018 the number of persons with documented disabilities in urban and rural areas nationwide was 9.484 million,with the employment of persons with disabilities generally developing well.However,the special characteristics of the disabled population due to their physical and mental deficiencies still make employment difficult and the proportion of unemployed persons with disabilities remains high,making employment of disabled persons challenging.In order to meet the diversified employment needs of groups of persons with disabilities and to implement the Nineteenth National Congress’ s policy of "Developing the Cause of Persons with Disabilities and Strengthening Rehabilitation Services for Persons with Disabilities",in recent years the China Disabled Persons’ Federation has actively advocated the establishment of social service institutions for persons with disabilities by private forces,and has provided groups with intellectual,mental and severe physical disabilities with a more Chinese-specific employment guarantee model,namely auxiliary employment.With the progress and development of society,social work is developing rapidly,and the development and maturation of social work offers the possibility of professional services to intervene in auxiliary employment of persons with disabilities.Based on H Auxiliary Employment Agency in Hefei City as the research point,focuses on the research on the assisted employment practice model of this institution,Interview,literature and observation methods were used to analyze the auxiliary employment of persons with disabilities in H institution.The motivations,content and goals of employment,employment sources,and student interactions within the institution elaborated on the status and effectiveness of assisted employment,while also reflecting problems that arise in the employment process.In the process of carrying out assisted employment,Institution H has the difficulties of low employment quality and lack of demand for social workers,volunteers and institutions.Based on this,using the new concept of disabled people as a guide,and applying the theory of ecosystem,try to analyze the actual operation of assisted employment of disabled people from the macro government department and social awareness level,meso community,enterprise level and micro institution and individual level.Influencing factors in the process include insufficient government policies and regulations in the process of assisted employment development,inadequate cooperation between the Disabled Persons’ Federation and other departments,and backward social concepts;the function of community support and enterprise support is not effectively exerted;the limited capacity of the organization itself;and Emotional and behavioral problems of persons with disabilities,and propose corresponding solutions.In order to promote the assisted employment of the disabled,through the introduction of social workers,the use of social work professional theories and methods to build comprehensive employment support.Focusing on assisted employment of the intellectual,mental,and severely handicapped,social workers emphasize the role of government,improve employment policies and regulations,enhance social concepts,strengthen communities and Enterprise interaction,improvement of the employment quality of the organization,and assistance in adapting individual disabled persons to play their professional advantages,and provide personalized services for different types of disabilities,which are compatible and equal.It not only helps disabled people to reintegrate into society,but also integrates into society through employment.The involvement of professional social work in assisted employment for the disabled will help advance the cause of the disabled and achieve the well-being of the disabled.更多还原