【作者】 赵辉；

【导师】 陆地；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 电气工程， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 电机作为一种电能与机械能的转换装置,普遍应用于工业控制、国防、航空航天、农业生产、汽车驱动等众多领域。当电机温度较低时,通过过载运行可以最大限度地利用电动机的扭矩能力,但是,电机过载运行的程度和时间通常很难确定,电机在峰值转矩的运行时间也往往通过经验估测。此外,电机过载运行会使其内部温度迅速上升,而电机温升过高会加速绕组绝缘层老化或导致永磁体矫顽力下降,进而使电机效率下降,严重时可能导致电机烧毁。因此,电机的热控制研究具有重要的工程实用价值。由于过载能力与电机温度密切相关,本文以直流电机为研究对象,提出了一种基于单节点集总参数热模型的模型预测电机主动热控制方案。首先,基于主动热控制技术,结合模型预测控制和集总参数热网络法,详细分析推导了直流电机的单节点模型预测主动热控制算法,并设计了直流电机主动热控制系统整体方案。其次,在MATLAB/Simulink中分别搭建了红外温度传感器、霍尔电流传感器、转矩转速测量仪的软件通信模块以及直流电机主动热控制系统整体控制模型。最后,在所设计的电机转子温度监测系统的基础上,搭建了以dSPACE为核心的电机主动热控制系统硬件实验平台,并在一台永磁直流电机上进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,所提出的基于单节点集总参数热模型的电机模型预测主动热控制方案,可以自适应地产生电机过载运行时保障电机转子温度低于限制温度值所对应的电机转矩极限包络线,以保证在电机过载运行期间,转子温度被限制在预设温度值附近。在提升电机过载能力的同时,可以减少电机过载运行时的热应力,避免转子过热,提高电机寿命。将基于MPC的控制方案与基于PI控制器的控制方案进行比较。结果表明,所提出的MPC控制方案在过载运行期间比基于PI的控制方案具有更大的扭矩能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a conversion device for electrical energy and mechanical energy,the motor is widely used in many fields such as industrial control,national defense,aerospace,agricultural production,and automobile driving.When the motor temperature is low,the torque capacity of the motor can be maximized by the overload operation.However,the degree and time of the motor overload operation are usually difficult to determine,and the running time of the motor at the peak torque is often estimated by experience.In addition,the overload operation of the motor will cause its internal temperature to rise rapidly,and the excessive temperature rise of the motor will accelerate the aging of the winding insulation or cause the coercive force of the permanent magnet to decrease,thereby reducing the efficiency of the motor and causing the motor to burn out in severe cases.Therefore,thermal control research of electric motors has important engineering practical value.Because the overload capability is closely related to the motor temperature,this paper takes DC motor as the research object,and proposes a model based on single node lumped parameter thermal model to predict the active thermal control scheme of the motor.Firstly,based on active thermal control technology,combined with model predictive control and lumped parameter thermal network method,the single-node model predictive active thermal control algorithm for DC motor is deduced and analyzed,and the overall scheme of DC motor active thermal control system is designed.Secondly,the software communication module of infrared temperature sensor,Hall current sensor,torque and speed measuring instrument and the overall control model of DC motor active thermal control system are built in MATLAB/Simulink.Finally,based on the designed rotor temperature monitoring system of the motor,the hardware experimental platform of the motor active thermal control system with d SPAC E as the core is built,and the experimental verification is carried out on a permanent magnet DC motor.The experimental results show that the proposed motor model predictive active thermal control scheme based on the single node lumped parameter thermal model can adaptively generate the motor torque limit package corresponding to the motor rotor temperature lower than the limit temperature value during motor overload operation.Wire to ensure that the rotor temperature is limited to a preset temperature value during motor overload operation.While improving the motor overload capacity,it can reduce the thermal stress during motor overload operation,avoid overheating of the rotor and improve the life of the motor.The MPC-based control scheme is compared with the PI controller-based control scheme.The results show that the proposed MPC control scheme has greater torque capability during overload operation than PI-based control schemes.更多还原