【作者】 左丽丽；

【导师】 武乾；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 土木工程建造与管理， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 我国建筑业粗放式的发展带来了大量的资源浪费和环境污染问题。随着绿色理念的兴起,绿色施工在高能耗的建筑业逐渐推广,对于混凝土结构中的模板工程具有工期长、成本高、能耗大但可控制性强的特点,实行绿色施工是必然趋势,但是目前关于模板工程阶段的绿色施工评价研究甚少。本文以提高模板工程施工阶段的绿色施工水平为目的,对基于绿色理念的模板工程施工进行评价研究,主要工作和研究成果为:(1)通过大量的文献研究,收集传统绿色施工常用的评价指标因素,对模板工程施工现场进行实地调研,挖掘模板工程施工中的资源浪费、环境污染等非绿色因素,初步建立模板工程施工评价指标集;再通过德尔菲法对模板工程领域专家和施工现场技术人员进行两轮的指标合理性咨询,并借助SPSS软件分析获得的问卷数据,确定绿色施工在模板工程阶段的21个定量指标和9个定性指标;然后对指标来源和实际应用情况进行解释说明,并参考相关规范和施工技术人员的经验,分别设定评价结果和指标各五个等级,以及指标各等级划分标准。(2)考虑到主客观因素对评价结果的影响,本文采用改进的AHP和熵权法相结合的综合集成法来确定指标权重;对比常用的评价方法,分析模糊物元分析法对模板工程施工评价的适用性,建立评价模型;通过对评价体系进一步梳理,发现评价体系中有12个指标与建筑模板种类直接相关,且权重占总权重的60.37%,然后通过AHP-TOPSIS法将现阶段施工现场常用的四种建筑模板绿色性能进行方案排序,得出塑料模板绿色性能最优,胶合板最差。(3)实例分析。将本文建立的模糊物元分析评价模型应用在采用塑料模板施工的桃园一坊棚改项目进行实例验证,结果表明模板工程施工模糊物元分析评价模型可行,同时也证实了绿色理念下塑料模板的实际应用效果,以及模板工程的绿色施工评价对类似工程的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extensive development of China’s construction industry has caused the problem of excessive consumption of resources and environmental pollution.The green construction industry has gradually promoted with the guidance of green concept Green construction is essential with the characteristics of long construction period,high cost and large energy consumption,controllable consumption of resources and energy,whereas research about green construction formwork engineering is limited so far.To improve the level of green construction of template engineering,the evaluation of the template engineering construction based on the green concept,the main work and research results are:(1)Collecting the indicators of green construction evaluation,found the non-green factors of the formwork construction and built the green construction evaluation index set of the formwork engineering;through questionnaire survey to selection of indicators for template engineering experts and construction site technicians,and reliability and validity were tested with SPSS software,the green construction evaluation index system of template engineering was obtained,it have 21 quantitative indicators and 9 qualitative indicators for green construction in the template engineering stage.After that,by explaining the source of the evaluation indicators and the actual application,and referring the relevant specifications and the experience of the construction technicians,the grading standards for quantitative and qualitative indicators were set separately.(2)The comprehensive integration method combining improved AHP and entropy weight method is used to determine the weight to eliminate of the influence of subjective and objective factors;then analyzes and compares the commonly evaluation methods and the applicability of fuzzy matter-element analysis to the green construction evaluation of formwork engineering is illustrated,and the evaluation model of green construction of formwork engineering is established.It was found that 12 indicators in the evaluation index are directly related to the type of building template and the weight is 60.37% of the total weight.The performance of the commonly used building formwork is sorted by AHP-TOPSIS method to obtain plastic.It shows that green performance of the plastic template is optimal and the plywood is the worst.(3)Case analysis.The assessment model established in this paper is applied to the Taoyuan Yifang reform project which using plastic template.The evaluation results show that the green template construction fuzzy matter element analysis evaluation model is operability and also confirms the great effect of plastic template in practical applications.更多还原