【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 李可；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 1840年鸦片战争,标志着中国历史进入近代。这就意味着,中国进入近代社会要比西方晚整整200年(世界历史进入近代史的标志为1640年英国资产阶级革命)。随着西方的殖民扩张,西方文明所到之处都对本土社会文化产生极大的冲击。对于这些本土社会而言,他们原本的“田园风光”一去不返,不得不被历史的潮流裹挟,进入一个所谓的“现代化”的过程。西方的现代化为原发性现代化,而非西方的现代化则为后发性现代化。中国的现代化路径显然属于后者。法律文化领域中的各种冲突,充斥于中国法律现代化的漫长历史过程之中。其中表现最为突出的是民间规范与国家法律之间的文化冲突。本文所谓的文化冲突,是指某种规范的背后所隐藏的,或者说是规范本身所体现的价值、目的、意义等方面的冲突。本文通过对我国法律现代化的历史和现状的简单考察,通过对传统与现代、乡土与城市、特殊主义与普遍主义、实质正义与程序正义这几对命题的比较分析,揭示出文化冲突乃是民间规范与国家法律之间冲突的根本原因。文化冲突又有其自身的多层次的表现形式。比如我国法制现代化中存在大量的法律移植,这种移植的法律必然反映西方现代化过程中的种种价值,这些价值与我国固有的文化资源原本就有许多抵触的地方。而随着市场经济的不断深化,现代化工商业经济必然对传统社会结构进行重新调整与建构,原本的自然经济又不甘心退出历史舞台,这种二元博弈将长期存在。最后,现代化社会所蕴含的多中心秩序,与传统集权治理模式也存在必然的冲突与矛盾。寻出民间规范与国家法律之间文化冲突的成因,进一步提出解决此种冲突的路径,是合乎逻辑的。不论是在法律的生成过程中还是在法律的运行过程中,拓展民间组织、民间力量参与的广度与深度,充分吸纳多元规则参与到法律创制与实践当中,都是解决问题所必不可少的要素。另外,寻找出合理的参照系,辩证的看待民间规范和国家法律背后所体现的价值,不单单因为法律的形式而武断的抉择,乃是重要的理论任务,也是解决该冲突的根本路径。最后,切实的构建出一套民间规范与国家法律冲突解决的机制,是一切解决路径的终极落脚点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The opium war in 1840 marked the beginning of modern Chinese history.This means that China entered the modern society exactly 200 years later than the west(the mark of the world history entering the modern history is the British bourgeois revolution of 1640).With the expansion of western colonization,western civilization has exerted great impact on local social culture everywhere.For these native societies,their original "pastoral scenery" has gone forever,and they have to be carried by the historical tide into a so-called "modernization" process.The western modernization is the primary modernization,while the non-western modernization is the late modernization.China’s path to modernization is clearly the latter.Various conflicts in the field of legal culture fill the long history of China’s legal modernization.The most prominent one is the cultural conflict between folk norms and national laws.The so-called cultural conflict in this paper refers to the conflict hidden behind a certain norm,or the value,purpose,meaning and other aspects embodied by the norm itself.Through a simple investigation of the history and current situation of China’s legal modernization,and a comparative analysis of the propositions of tradition and modernity,locality and city,particularism and universalism,substantive justice and procedural justice,this paper reveals that cultural conflict is the fundamental cause of the conflict between folk norms and national laws.Cultural conflict has its own multi-level manifestation.For example,there are a large number of legal transplants in the modernization of our legal system.Such transplanted laws inevitably reflect various values in the modernization process of the west,and there are many conflicts between these values and our inherent cultural resources.With the deepening of the market economy,the modern industrial and commercial economy is bound to readjust and construct the traditional social structure,and the original natural economy is not willing to quit the historical stage,and this dual game will exist for a long time.Finally,there are inevitable conflicts and contradictions between the polycentric order contained in modern society and the traditional centralized governance model.It is logical to find out the causes of the cultural conflict between folk norms and national laws and propose the way to solve this conflict.It’s necessary to expand the scope and depth of the participation of non-governmental organizations and forces,and fully absorb multiple rules to participate in the creation and practice of law,both in the formation and operation of law.In addition,to find a reasonable frame of reference and dialectically look at the value reflected behind folk norms and national laws is not only an arbitrary choice because of the form of law,but also an important theoretical task and the fundamental way to solve the conflict.Finally,to construct a set of mechanism to resolve the conflict between civil norms and national laws is the ultimate destination of all solutions.更多还原