【作者】 李永刚；

【导师】 李开军；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 戊戌、庚子之后,晚清社会经历着百年未有之巨变,政治上呈现出立宪派与革命派“你方唱罢我登场”的局面,思想上表现为新思潮的涌动和旧思想的衰微,教育方面则达到了空前繁荣的黄金时期.在晚清独特的时代背景下,社会上出现了一个新的群体——新学青年。他们拥有全新的知识体系、思想观念和价值取向,极大影响着彼时社会的发展和文明的进步。对此,“新小说”家以自己的生花妙笔对这些新学青年做了艺术化的描绘,产生了近代小说史上新颖独特的新学青年形象。本文以“新小说”中的新学青年为研究对象,大致从三个方面展开论述。第一章是对晚清“新小说”中新学青年的概述。包括涉及新学青年的相关小说梳理和新学青年的简要分类;还有“新小说”中新学青年的独有特质和书写背景。通过本章的简要论述,可以对晚清“新小说”中新学青年的书写情况,尤其是书写背景和人物特质,有一个初步认识和了解。第二、三章,是对晚清“新小说”中新学青年的重点分析,尤其是对正面新学青年的新型观念和负面新学青年的畸变进行了深入论述。第二章从近代政治史、思想史和“新小说”家立场入手,探析“新小说”中新学青年的新型观念,包括道德观、群学观和民族观。值得一提的是,“新小说”中的新学青年在形成这些新型观念的同时,也预示着中国传统士子逐渐开始向现代知识分子转型。第三章主要论述了“新小说”家寓教于恶视域下对负面新学青年书写方面的畸变,尖锐地指出负面新学青年的无知无识无行无责和其所形成的畸形的自由平等观,并进一步分析这种书写模式与“新小说”家写作观念的密切关系。第四章简要探讨了“新小说”中新学青年书写的价值。一方面,“新小说”家对新学青年的书写存在着不容忽视的时代价值,不仅能够发挥功利性的劝勉、警示功用,还能助推社会思想观念的更新;另一方面,“新小说”家的这种书写具有极强的文学史意义,既丰富了小说史的人物画廊,又以特定阶段的新学青年承接着古代文学中的士子形象向现代文学中的知识分子阶层的过渡任务。透过对“新小说”中新学青年的分析论述,可以帮助我们进一步加深对“新小说”中新学青年的了解,进而一窥现实中新学青年的独特样貌。这无疑有助于我们更加全面清晰地解读晚清“新小说”,甚至有望进一步促进晚清“新小说”研究的拓展和深化。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the reform movement of 1898 and the boxer rebellion,the society of the late Qing dynasty experienced great changes unseen in a hundred years.In politics,it presented the situation--"you just finish singing and I come on stage" between the constitutionalists and revolutionaries.And in ideology,it showed the surge of new thoughts and the decline of old ones.In education,it reached the golden period of unprecedented prosperity.Under the unique background of the late Qing dynasty,a new group--the new youth appeared in the society.They have a new knowledge system,ideology and value orientation,which greatly influenced the development of the society and the progress of civilization at that time.To this end,the "new novel"writers made artistic description of these new youth with their own vivid pen,and produced new and unique images of the new youth in the history of modern fiction.This paper takes the new youth in the "new novel" as the research object and discusses it from three aspects.The first chapter is an overview of the new youth in"new novel" in the late Qing dynasty,including the relevant novel comb involving the new youth and the brief classification of the new youth;There are also the unique characteristics and writing background of the new youth in the "new novel".Through the brief discussion of this chapter,we can have a preliminary understanding of the writing situation of the new youth in the "new novel" in late Qing dynasty,especially the writing background and characters.The second and third chapters focus on the analysis of the new youth in the "new novel" in late Qing dynasty,especially the new concept of the positive new youth and the distortion of the negative new youth.The second chapter starts with the modern political history,ideological history and the standpoint of the "new novel" scholars,and analyzes the new concept of the new young people in the "new novel",including the moral view,the group view and the national view.It is worth mentioning that the new youth in the "new novel" not only formed these new ideas,but also indicated that the traditional Chinese scholars gradually began to transform into modern intellectuals.The third chapter mainly discusses the distortion of the negative new youth’s writing under the negative vision of "new novel" writers education,pointedly points out the ignorance of negative new youth and their misshapen concept of freedom and equality,and further analyzes the close relationship between this writing mode and the writing concept of the "new novel" writers.Chapter four briefly discusses the value of the new youth writing in"new novel".On the one hand,the new novelists’ writing of the new youth has the time value that cannot be ignored,which can not only play the function of utilitarian exhortation and warning,but also promote the renewal of social ideology.On the other hand,the writing of the "new novelists" is of great literary significance,which not only enriches the gallery of characters in the history of fiction,but also carries on the task of transition from the scholastic image in ancient literature to the intellectual class in modern literature with the new youth in a specific stage.Through the analysis and discussion of the new youth in the "new novel",we can further deepen our understanding of the new youth in the "new novel",and then have a glimpse of the unique appearance of the new youth in reality.This undoubtedly helps us to interpret the "new novels" in the late qing dynasty more comprehensively and clearly,and it is even expected to further promote the expansion and deepening of the research on the "new novels" in the late qing dynasty.更多还原