【作者】 王波；

【导师】 樊新忠； 胡家卿；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 选育肉兔专门化品系进行配套系杂交生产是国际先进育种方式,国内目前主要的肉兔配套系来源于法国的伊普吕肉兔配套系、伊拉肉兔配套系、伊高乐肉兔配套系,以及自主育成的康大肉兔配套系。这些成熟的商业肉兔配套系都是由非常好的专门化品系组成,但对于不同肉兔配套系的专门化品系之间的杂交效果如何,需要我们进一步去验证。为了比较中外主要肉兔配套系的实际性能及其优缺点,深入了解中外肉兔各专门化品系的性能,评估其作为育种材料用于培育新配套系的潜力。我们通过精心设计试验方案和技术路线,对来自4家育种公司13个中外肉兔专门化品系进行杂交试验,利用杂种优势,分别进行了二系杂交、四系杂交试验,前后设计34个杂交组合。为了便于生产性能的评价,利用多性状综合指数原理进行评定。我们分别构建了用以反映不同配套组合繁殖性能(产仔总数,产活仔数,泌乳力,断奶个体重)、肥育性能(生长期增重,料肉比)、生活力性能(21日龄窝均只数,生长期成活率)的评价指数,结果分别来自于每个杂交组合的测定结果;同时为了考虑经济效益,加入了综合经济效益指数。最终的评价是生产性能与经济效益的综合评价分析。详细对繁殖力指数、生长力指数、生活力指数、综合指数和综合经济效益的相关数据统计分析后,结果表明:PA×Ⅴ、LD×Ⅰ、PA×Ⅵ组合在两系杂交间综合表现最好,推荐作为两系配套商品生产的候选杂交模式。伊拉D系与康大1系杂交F1代繁殖性能表现最佳;伊普吕A系与康大Ⅴ系杂交的F1代育肥性能最佳。同时经过四系配合力测定试验,筛选出最好的杂交组合为PA·V×LD·Ⅰ,综合性能优于国内外肉兔配套系。以上结果为更好地推进肉兔配套系良种生产应用和持续育种提供了参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 As so far,the main meat rabbit synthetic lines are Hyplus /Hyla and Yigole meat rabbit synthetic line that are come from France,as well as self-cultured Kangda meat rabbit synthetic line.These mature commercial meat rabbit lines all have very good specialized strains.However,it is necessary for us to further verify the crossbreeding effect among the specialized strains of different meat rabbits.In order to compared with the advantages and disadvantages between all the meat rabbit synthetic lines,deeply understand the performance of domestic and foreign specialized strains of meat rabbit,and evaluate their potential as breeding materials for breeding new mating lines,By carefully designing the test scheme and technical route,we have crossed 13 specialized strains of domestic and foreign meat rabbit from 4 breeding companies.Using the Heterosis,we have crossed two lines and four lines respectively,before and after the design of 34 hybrid combinations.In order to facilitate the evaluation of production performance,the principle of multi-character comprehensive index was used to evaluate.The evaluation indexes of reproductive performance(total number of litter,number of live litter,lactation capacity,weaning body weight),fattening performance(weight gain in growing period,feed / meat ratio)and viability performance(survival rate in growing period)of different mating combinations were constructed,the results were obtained from the results of each cross combination,and the Comprehensive Economic Efficiency Index was added to consider the economic benefits.The final evaluation is the production performance evaluation and economic benefit evaluation of the comprehensive analysis.After detailed statistical analysis of the relevant data of fertility index,growth index,vitality index,comprehensive index and comprehensive economic benefits,The results showed that the combination of PA· V,LD·I and PA·VI was the best.Hyla D and Kangda 1 had the best reproductive performance,the F1 Cross between Hyplus A and Kangda V Lines had the best fattening performance,and we selected the best cross combination as PA · V ·LD · I.The comprehensive performance is better than all the domestic and foreign mating systems.The results above provided a reference basis for promoting the production,application and continuous breeding of Meat Rabbit.更多还原