【作者】 王勇；

【导师】 李一花；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 金融学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 2017年5月3日,李克强总理主持召开国务院常务会议,在此次会议上决定部署推动大中型商业银行设立普惠金融事业部,聚焦小微企业和“三农”等,提升服务能力。此外,随着我国经济的持续发展,小微客户日益增长的金融服务的需求与金融机构低效的服务之间的矛盾越来越突出。普惠金融指的是,在可以负担的起的成本基础下,为社会中来自不同阶层的所有有着金融需求的群体提供的适当而且有效果的服务。普惠金融重点服务的群体是弱势群体,如收入较低的人口,农民,小微型企业等。普惠金融作为为社会所有阶层和群体——尤其是贫困、低收入人口——提供服务的金融体系,是解决这一矛盾的有效途径。以目前国内的普惠金融发展形势来看,国家非常重视普惠金融业务的发展,普惠金融市场形成了良好的发展趋势,但是其服务内容供给与小微客户之间的需求之间的矛盾依然存在,由于小微客户众多,怎样提供更好的金融服务,促进商业银行更好的开展普惠金融业务,是本文注的问题。在研究内容上,本文首先对选题的背景、意义、发展普惠金融的作用以及国内外研究综述以及相关的概念理论进行了阐述,明确本文将采取理论与实践相结合、案例分析和比较分析的方法来进行研究。然后,本文以普惠金融在大型商业银行的发展情况为研究对象,以S省某银行为案例,从产品结构、部门设置、基本政策等方面进行现状论述,商业银行针对小微企业的普惠金融还存在着小微企业融资业务时效性差、准入审批严格、融资产品创新性滞后、市场监管缺位且政策缺乏连贯性、行业队伍建设不够等,究其原因,包括商业银行和政府双方的因素。从商业银行角度来看,普惠金融存在严重的认知问题,客户需求不能得到满足,商业银行对于风险掌控的主动性意识缺乏。从政府角度出发,征信体制和信用环境欠缺、银企之间存在严重信息不对称。同时,结合S省案例的实际情况,利用SPSS统计分析软件进行分析,分析企业资金短缺频率和银行信贷之间的相关性以及企业规模和企业融资行为的相关性。在论文最后,针对普惠金融如何开展未来的发展工作,提出了三个具体的建议:首先要构建完善的普惠金融体系,主要从三个方面着手,一是加快普惠金融的信用体系的建设,二是健全其监督机制,三是针对法律法规的支持方面,加大支持力度。其次,要建立有效的普惠金融市场,即加强普惠金融基础设施建设、推进利率市场化、完善信用担保机制;第三,创新普惠金融工具,即创新信贷产品、发展普惠金融保险以及提供多样化综合性服务。在研究分析中,立足于当下新的背景以及新的形势,以普惠金融的视角开展研究,在研究中试图对普惠金融的面向群体进行一定的分析,涉及了普惠金融面向对象的主观因素,在融资难的原因中,考虑了小微企业自身主观认知上的原因,具有一定的创新性。但是,由于大型商业银行对普惠金融发展状况的数据披露不够,在研究中,论文数据获取和分析存在一定的欠缺。而且,论文中提出了很多想法暂时还没有真实的去实践,依然停留在理论层面,因此,所提出的政策建议并不能从实际中看到真实效果,除此以外,方案设计中实施的可操作性,成本问题和例如问题由于各种条件的限制,没有办法进行具体的测定。更多还原

【Abstract】 On May 3,2017,Premier Li Keqiang presided over the executive meeting of the State Council,at which he decided to deploy and promote large and medium-sized commercial banks to set up inclusive financial business units,focus on small and micro enterprises and "agriculture,rural areas and farmers" to improve their service capabilities.In addition,with the continuous development of China’s economy,the contradiction between the growing demand for financial services of small and Micro customers and the inefficient services of financial institutions becomes more and more prominent.Inclusive finance refers to the appropriate and effective services provided to all groups with financial needs from different levels of society on the basis of affordable costs.The key service groups of Inclusive Finance are the vulnerable groups,such as the lower income population,farmers,small and micro enterprises,etc.Inclusive Finance,as a financial system providing services for all social classes and groups,especially the poor and low-income people,is an effective way to solve this contradiction.According to the current situation of inclusive financial development in China,the state attaches great importance to the development of inclusive financial business,and the inclusive financial market has formed a good development trend.However,the contradiction between the supply of service content and the demand of small and Micro customers still exists.Due to the large number of small and Micro customers,how to provide better financial services and promote commercial banks to better develop inclusive financial industry Business is the problem noted in this paper.Therefore,by comparing and analyzing the differences between a bank in S Province and other domestic and foreign commercial banks in the development of Inclusive Finance,this paper points out the existing problems and solutions in the development of Inclusive Finance business of a bank in S Province.In terms of research content,firstly,this paper expounds the background,significance,the role of developing Inclusive Finance,domestic and foreign research reviews and related conceptual theories.It is clear that this paper will adopt the methods of combination of theory and practice,case analysis and comparative analysis.Then,taking the development of Inclusive Finance in large commercial banks as the research object,taking a bank in S Province as an example,this paper discusses the current situation from the aspects of product structure,department setting,basic policies,etc.there are still poor timeliness,strict access approval,lagging innovation of financing products,and lack of market supervision in the aspect of Inclusive Finance for small and micro enterprises in commercial banks The reasons for the lack of policy coherence and the lack of industry team building include the factors of both commercial banks and the government.From the perspective of commercial banks,inclusive finance has serious cognitive problems,customer demand can not be met,and comnercial banks lack initiative awareness of risk control.From the perspective of the government,credit system and credit environment are lack,and there is serious information asymmetry between banks and enterprises.At the same time,combined with the actual situation of the case of S Province,SPSS statistical analysis software is used to analyze the correlation between the frequency of enterprise capital shortage and bank credit,as well as the correlation between enterprise scale and enterprise financing behavior.At the end of the paper,three specific suggestions are put forward on how to carry out the future development of Inclusive Finance:first,to build a perfect inclusive financial system,mainly from three aspects:first,to speed up the construction of the credit system of Inclusive Finance;second,to improve its supervision mechanism;third,to strengthen the support for laws and regulations.Secondly,we should establish an effective inclusive financial market,that is,strengthen the construction of inclusive financial infrastructure,promote the marketization of interest rates,and improve the credit guarantee mechanism;thirdly,we should innovate inclusive financial instruments,that is,innovate credit products,develop inclusive financial insurance and provide diversified comprehensive services.In the research and analysis,based on the current new background and new situation,the research is carried out from the perspective of Inclusive Finance.In the research,the group oriented analysis of Inclusive Finance is attempted,involving the objective oriented subjective factors of Inclusive Finance.In the reason of financing difficulty,the subjective cognitive reasons of small and micro enterprises are considered,which is innovative.However,due to the lack of data disclosure of large commercial banks on the development of Inclusive Finance,there is a certain lack of data acquisition and analysis in the research.Moreover,many ideas put forward in the paper have not been put into practice for the time being,and still stay at the theoretical level.Therefore,the policy suggestions put forward can not see the real effect from the reality.In addition,the operability,cost and other problems in the scheme design can not be determined specifically due to various conditions.更多还原