【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 路宏敏； 赵晓凡；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着通信技术的发展,现代战争对作战车辆信息集成度的要求日益提升,越来越多不同频段的天线被安装在车辆狭小的平台上,天线系统的耦合效应愈发突出,这将导致严重的电磁兼容问题。最大程度减小复杂电磁环境条件下车载天线间的相互干扰,车载天线的布局技术发挥着至关重要的作用。为了解决车载天线间的电磁兼容问题,论文根据电磁兼容和计算电磁学理论,结合天线布局基本原则,利用CST微波工作室对天线性能、天线放置在不同载体的方向图畸变情况及天线间耦合度随距离的变化情况进行仿真,对仿真结果分析后制定了天线布局方案,并对此方案进行验证,主要工作如下:1.建立车辆和天线电磁模型。使用CAE前处理软件对真实车辆模型进行简化处理后,得到车辆电磁模型。设计了鞭状天线、套筒单极子天线和微带双频天线,并对上述三副天线性能进行仿真分析,结果显示三副天线性能均良好。2.研究车载天线系统间的耦合效应。对比分析了微带双频天线放置在自由空间、无限大导电平面等不同载体时,天线方向图的畸变情况。将天线安置在无限大导体平面上,仿真分析天线间耦合度与距离的变化关系,并以耦合度小于-50dB为耦合上限,得到天线间的最小极限距离。3.制定天线的布局方案。以高空核电磁脉冲为例,通过改变HEMP照射方向,研究车辆表面感应电流的分布情况,根据结果得到天线布局的安全安置区域。根据上述仿真结果,综合考虑天线布局因素,制定天线的布局方案,结合使用等效源法和弹跳射线法对布局方案进行验证和优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of communication technology,more and more antennas of different frequency bands are installed on the narrow platform of vehicles for that the requirements of information integration of combat vehicles in modern warfare are increasing,so the coupling effect of the antenna system is getting more and more serious which will lead to harmful electromagnetic compatibility problems.The layout technology of vehicle antennas plays a vital role in minimizing the mutual interference between vehicle antennas under the complex electromagnetic environment.According to the electromagnetic compatibility and computational electromagnetism theory,combining with the basic principles of antenna layout,using the CST MICROWAVE STUDIO to simulate the antenna performance,the pattern distortion of the antenna is placed on different carriers and the variation of the coupling degree between the antennas with the distance,and the antenna layout scheme is formulated after the simulation results are analyzed to solve the vehicle multi-antenna electromagnetic compatibility problem in this dissertation,and the scheme is verified in the end.The research work and contribution of this dissertation are as follows: 1.The electromagnetic model of vehicle and antennas are established.The vehicle electromagnetic model is obtained by using the CAE pre-processing software to simplify the real vehicle model.The whip antenna,the sleeve monopole antenna and the microstrip dualfrequency antenna are designed,and the performance of the above three antennas is simulated,the results show that the three antennas all have a good performance.2.The coupling effect between vehicle antennas is studied.The distortion of the antenna pattern is analyzed when the microstrip dual-frequency antenna is placed in different carriers such as free space and infinitely large conductive plane.The relationship between the coupling degree and the distance between the antennas is simulated and analyzed,and the minimum limit distance between antennas is given by taking the coupling degree less than-50 db as the index when the antenna is placed on the infinite conductor plane.3.The antenna layout scheme is obtained.Taking the high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse as an example,by changing the direction of HEMP illumination,the distribution of the induced current on the vehicle surface is studied,and the suitable placement area for the antenna layout is obtained according to the result.According to the above simulation results,considering the antenna layout factors,the layout scheme of the antenna is formulated,and the layout scheme is verified and optimized by using the equivalent source method and the bouncing ray method.更多还原