【作者】 李洪辉；

【导师】 戴焕云；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 交通运输工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 本文基于中车唐山机车车辆厂提供的时速250公里以上货运动车组原始参数,利用SIMPACK软件建立了货运动车组的动力学模型。针对货运动车组重心高,载重大,运行环境和线路复杂多样的特点,对货运动车组展开如下针对性性研究:首先研究了货运动车组动力学性能,对比分析了货运动车组空车与重车在新轮踏面和磨耗踏面下的服役性能,从而获得兼顾空车和重车动力学性能的系统参数;研究了货运动车组在服役过程中转臂定位节点刚度发生变化、空气弹簧失气和抗蛇行减振器失效三种故障工况下车辆动力学性能的变化规律,为货运动车组后期运营维护提供理论参考。其次针对货运动车组存在的重心高的特点,根据公式推导了车体不同装载重心高度下车体滚摆中心至车体重心之间的距离,对于本文中的模型车体上心滚摆中心至车体重心之间的距离随着装载重心的升高而减小,下心滚摆中心至车体重心之间的距离随着车体重心的升高而增大;装载重心高度会影响车体滚摆模态的频率和阻尼比,车辆在运行中车体上心滚摆会与车辆蛇行运动发生耦合,所以装载重心高度的变化会同时对车体上心滚摆和蛇行运动的频率和阻尼比造成影响;车体装载重心高度低于2.3m时车体上心滚摆与车辆蛇行运动的耦合性较强,超过2.3m之后车体上心滚摆与车辆蛇行运动模态的耦合性变弱;以货运动车组抗侧滚扭杆故障工况下的曲线通过安全性为依据,分别计算了货运动车组车体装载重心在有横向偏移与无横向偏移时的合理重心高度。最后建立了基于弹性轮对的刚-柔耦合模型,并以此模型为基础分析了货运动车组出现车轮多边形磨耗工况下车辆各部件的响应,发现车轮多边形引起的振动会传递给转向架构架,当多边形振动的特征频率与构架上的部件固有频率接近时便会引起共振造成部件的振动疲劳,当多边形振动的特征频率与轮对的固有模态相近时便会引起轮轨垂向力的激增;根据车辆运行安全指标中规定的最大轮轨垂向力的限值推算了货运动车组多边形深度限值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the original parameters of freight emu of over 250km/h provided by CRRC Tangshan locomotive & rolling stock plant,the dynamic model of freight emu is established with SIMPACK.In view of the characteristics of high center of gravity,heavy load,complex and diverse operation environment and lines of freight emu,the following targeted research is carried out on freight emu:Firstly,according to the characteristics of high center of gravity and heavy load of freight emu,in this paper,the distance between the rolling center of the vehicle body and the center of gravity of the vehicle body under different height of the center of gravity of the vehicle body is derived from the formula;the influence of the height of the center of gravity on the suspension mode is analyzed;based on the safety of the curve under the condition of anti-roll bar failure,the reasonable height of the center of gravity of the freight emu with and without lateral deviation is calculated.Secondly,according to the complexity and diversity of the operation environment and the line of the freight car,in this paper,the dynamic performance and safety indexes of the vehicle under three failure conditions,namely,the change of stiffness of the positioning node of the transfer arm,the loss of air spring and the failure of the anti-snake shock absorber,are studied.Finally,a rigid-flexible coupling model based on elastic wheelset is established;based on this model,the response of each part of freight emu under the condition of polygonal wheel wear is analyzed;when the characteristic frequency of polygon vibration is close to the natural mode of wheel pair,the vertical force of wheel and rail will increase sharply;the polygonal depth limit of freight emu is calculated according to the maximum vertical force of wheel and rail specified in the safety index of vehicle operation.更多还原