【作者】 张伟；

【导师】 邱小平；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 物流工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 作为现代物流服务的重要组成部分,近年来铁路货运在全社会货运占比不足10%,直接原因在于其时效性差,因此铁路货运站的作业效率亟待提升,比如单辆满货车装/卸需两台叉车6人连续工作6小时,从而导致末端货运站的周转能力长期制约了铁路货运能力的释放,而近年的“共享经济”已催生了社会托盘租用,为铁路货运的降本增效带来了新的契机。因此,本文站在铁总自建托盘共用系统的角度,研究货运站在托盘共用下集疏平衡机制。本文研究的核心内容主要分为三部分:(1)铁路托盘共用系统业务流程设计。站在铁总自建托盘共用系统的角度,介绍了该系统的运作方式,并对参与主体铁总、路局、货运站、物流企业、客户在系统中的角色任务进行设计,结合已有的铁路运输业务流程,对铁总自建托盘运输系统业务流程进行设计,包括货运站外部流程、货运站内部流程、需求调度流程、回收调度流程、费用结算流程五个方面。(2)铁路托盘共用下货运站内部业务平衡机制构建。货运站仓储作业是货运站内部业务的核心,从铁路托盘共用系统下货运站仓储作业平衡角度出发,对托盘共用前后仓储业务流程进行对比分析,建立了托盘共用下铁路货运站仓储业务流程模型,对单节车厢的装卸车效率、叉车利用率进行仿真实验。继而给出对应于到发货量的叉车配置策略,同时,给出了货运站内部业务的平衡机制。(3)铁路托盘共用下货运站外部需求平衡机制构建。首先分析了货运站到发不均导致托盘积压或不足的问题,继而运用系统动力学建立了铁路货运站共用托盘的调度需求模型,仿真结果得到对应于货物到发量的空托盘调配量。最后分析共用托盘对货运站需求平衡的影响,给出了货运站外部需求的平衡机制,并对货运站降本增效提出策略建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important part of modern logistics service,railway freight transportation accounts for less than 10% of the total freight transportation in recent years.The direct reason lies in its poor timeliness.Therefore,the operation efficiency of the railway freight station needs to be improved urgently.For example,loading/unloading of a single full truck requires six forklifts to work continuously for six hours,which results in the long-term restriction of the turnover capacity of terminal freight station on the use of railway freight capacity.In recent years,the "shared economy" has given birth to the social pallet rental,which has brought new opportunities for reducing the cost and increasing the efficiency of railway freight transport.Therefore,from the point of view of the self-built pallet pool system,this paper studies the collection and distribution balance mechanism of freight station under the pallet pool system.The core content of this paper is divided into three parts.(1)Designing the business process of railway pallet pool system.From the point of view of the self-built pallet pool system,this paper introduces the operation mode of the system,and designs the roles and tasks of the participants in the system,such as general railway,railway bureau,freight station,logistics enterprises and customers.Combining with the existing railway transportation business processes,this paper designs the business processes of the self-built pallet transportation system,including the external process of freight station,the internal process of freight station,the demand dispatching process,the recovery dispatching process and the cost settlement process.(2)Constructing an external demand balance mechanism of freight station under railway pallet pool.Warehousing operation of freight station is the core of the internal business of freight station.From the point of view of warehousing operation balance of freight station under railway pallet pool system,the warehousing business processes before and after pallet sharing are compared and analyzed.This paper establishes the warehousing business process model of railway freight station under the condition of pallet sharing,and carries out simulation experiments on the loading and unloading efficiency of single carriage and the utilization ratio of forklift truck.Then the forklift truck allocation strategy corresponding to the delivery volume is given.At the same time,the balance mechanism of the internal business of the freight station is given.(3)Constructing the external demand balance mechanism of freight station under railway pallet pool.Firstly,the problem of backlog or insufficiency of pallets caused by uneven arrival and departure of freight stations is analyzed.Then,the scheduling demand model of common pallets in railway freight stations is established by using system dynamics.The simulation results show that the empty pallet allocation corresponding to the arrival and departure of goods is obtained.Finally,the paper analyses the impact of common pallets on the demand balance of several freight stations,gives the balance mechanism of external demand of several freight stations,and puts forward some strategic suggestions on cost reduction and efficiency enhancement of freight stations.更多还原