【作者】 张萍；

【导师】 曹国华；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 应用经济学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国,银行业是经济发展所需资金的主要来源。在经济发展的新常态下,持续提升经济发展的质量更是离不开银行业的稳健发展,商业银行要充分发挥其为经济发展输送“血液”的融资功能,为供给侧改革助力。近年来,在国民经济增速放缓、监管政策调整、互联网金融迅猛发展、国家逐步提升金融业的对外开放等时代背景下,我国银行业不但要面对国内同业的竞争,还要应对来自国外银行的挑战。因此,面对越来越激烈的市场竞争,提升我国商业银行的竞争力显得极为关键。故分析商业银行竞争力对提高银行竞争能力、促进银行业健康发展,这一议题有着重要的研究价值和现实意义。首先,本文阐述了此研究的背景,对涉及到的相关概念与理论做了界定及说明,并对商业银行竞争力的国内外众多的研究成果做了归纳总结,据此分析综合竞争力的影响因素。总体而言,企业竞争力涵盖了资源、市场、能力等方面。其次,在理论分析的基础上,本文从能力观的角度着手,将商业银行竞争力分为现实竞争力和潜在竞争力。并从公司治理、人力资源和品牌影响力等四个方面对商业银行的潜在竞争力进行分析。本文认为商业银行现实竞争力的构成要素不仅包含了盈利能力、流动能力和安全能力,更应涵盖发展能力和创新能力,并以此构建模型对商业银行现实竞争力进行实证分析。本文选取了24家上市商业银行(包括5家国有商业银行、8家股份制商业银行和11家地方性商业银行)作为研究对象,选择了净资产收益率、流动比率、不良贷款率等14项指标,从盈利能力、安全能力、流动能力、发展能力以及创新能力五个方面评价商业银行的竞争力,运用因子分析法对其2015-2017年的数据进行实证分析。实证结果表明:(1)商业银行的规模大小与其综合竞争力没有强烈的正相关,股份制银行整体的综合竞争力优于国有银行和地方性银行,国有银行占据了大量的资源却没发挥出应有的优势。(2)根据因子总方差贡献表来看,反映商业银行安全与发展能力和创新能力的指标对竞争力影响较大,这两个因子的累积方差贡献率超过60%;盈利能力和流动能力两个因素的影响相对较小。(3)国有银行在盈利能力因子上的表现优于股份制银行和地方性银行;股份制银行在创新能力因子上表现最佳;地方性银行在流动能力因子、安全和发展能力因子上表现差异较大。最后,针对实证结果,结合现有研究,提出增强我国银行业综合竞争力的相关建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China,the banking is the main source of funds for Chinese economic development.With China’s economy is getting into the new normal,the steady development of the banking affects the quality of economic development,commercial banks should make use of financing function to improve the quality of economic development and to promote supply-side structural reform.In recent years,in the context of the slowdown in national economic growth,the adjustment of regulatory policies,the rapid development of Internet finance,and the country’s efforts in opening up the financial industry,China’s commerc ial banks have to face not only domestic competition,but also foreign banks.Therefore,facing increasingly fierce market competition,it is extremely important to improve the competitiveness of China’s commercial banks.The analysis of the competitiveness of commercial banks is of great research value and practical significance to improve the competitiveness of banks and promote the healthy development of the banking industry.The analysis of the competitiveness of commercial banks is of great research va lue and practical significance to improve the competitiveness of banks and promote the healthy development of the banking industry.Firstly,this thesis expounded its research background,and summarized some studies of commercial banks’ competitiveness at home and abroad.And the influencing factors of comprehensive competitiveness are analyzed.In general,corporate competitiveness includes many aspects,such as resources,market structure,capabilities.Secondly,on the basis of theoretical analysis,this thesis argues from the perspective of competence that the competitiveness of commercial banks is divided into reality competitiveness and potential competitiveness.And analyze the potential competitiveness of commercial banks from four aspects,such as corporate governance,human resources and brand influence.The components of commercial bank reality competitiveness include the capability of security profitability,liquidity,security,expansibility and innovation.Based on this,the model is built to empirically analyze the competitiveness of banks.This thesis selected 24 listed commercial banks as samples,which includes 5 state-owned commercial banks,8 joint-stock commercial banks and 11 local commercial banks,and 14 indexes reflecting the capability of security,profitability,liquidity,expansibility and innovation of commercial banks,such as return on equity,liquidity ratio,non-performing loan ratio.Using the data from 2015 to 2017,this thesis makes an empirical analysis of the competitiveness of commercial banks by factor analysis method.The empirical results show that,there is no strong positive correlation between the size of commercial banks and their comprehensive competitiveness,the competitiveness of Joint-stock banks is better than that of other banks.State-owned banks have occupied a large amount of resources but have not played their due advantages.In terms of the importance of factors of commercial banks,the capability expansibility,innovation and security have a greater influence on the competitiveness of commercial banks,the total variance explained of these two factors exceeds 60%.And the capability of profitability and liquidity have relatively little influence on the competitiveness of commercial banks.State-owned commercial banks perform best in profitability.Joint-stock banks perform best in terms of innovation capability factors.Local banks have large differences in liquidity factors,safety and development capability factors.Finally,after analyzing the empirical results,this thesis gives some suggestions to improve the competitiveness of commercial banks.更多还原