【作者】 刘华生；

【导师】 牟宪民；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 海洋资源丰富多样,世界各国越来越重视海洋资源的开采及利用。海底观测网、水下导航设备广泛应用于其中。传统的水下供电方式多采用蓄电池或插拔连接器,需要大容量储能电池或者长电缆,严重制约了水下设备的应用。本文提出利用感应式无线电能传输(Inductively coupled power transfer,ICPT)的方式为水下设备供电,利用饱和电抗器(Saturable reactor,SR)作为可调元件对水下ICPT系统动态稳压,并对使用饱和电抗器的ICPT系统的谐波特性做了深入研究。研究了水下ICPT系统的发展现状,提出一次侧使用LC补偿,二次侧使用串联补偿的拓扑结构。对该拓扑结构分别使用广义状态空间法(Generalized state-space averaging,GSSA)和互感电路模型两种方式进行建模。考虑到LC/S补偿的ICPT系统的频率分叉现象,通过对比分析,明确了影响输出电压的主要因素。较于空气,海水具有导电性,电磁波在海水介质中传播时存在涡流效应,利用COMSOL多物理场仿真软件对涡流损耗进行仿真,搭建实验平台对海水环境中的涡流损耗进行分析,研究了频率、耦合距离对涡流损耗的影响。利用Ferrite软件测量铁氧体磁心在不同直流励磁下的磁化曲线,对饱和电抗器建立磁阻模型,获取其交流等效电感量与直流控制电流的控制关系。设计制作了可控饱和电抗器,利用COMSOL进行仿真验证。为保证水下ICPT系统恒压输出,考虑负载及耦合系数变化对输出的影响,以饱和电抗器作为可调电感,采用PID闭环控制动态调整交流电感实现ICPT系统稳压输出。饱和电抗器的直流侧控制采用Buck电路,PWM控制占空比进而改变Buck电路输出电流,电压信号采用NRF24L01无线模块进行传输。饱和电抗器工作在饱和状态下会产生高频奇次谐波,该部分谐波能传输至负载侧,可提高ICPT系统传输功率。最后,设计制作高频逆变电源、耦合机构,搭建水下ICPT系统实验平台,在负载切换及耦合系数发生变化时实现水下恒压输出。更多还原

【Abstract】 The marine resources are abundant and diverse,and many countries around the world are paying more and more attention to the exploitation and utilization of it.Submarine observation networks and underwater navigation equipment are widely used.Batteries or plug connectors is used in underwater power supply.It requires large-capacity energy storage batteries or long cables,which severely limits the application of underwater equipment.This paper proposes to use the inductively coupled power transfer(ICPT)method to supply power to underwater equipment.A saturable reactor(SR)is used as the adjustable element for the underwater ICPT.The system is dynamically tuned and regulated,and the harmonic characteristics of the ICPT system using a saturable reactor are studied in depth.In this dissertation,the development status of underwater ICPT system is studied.It is proposed that LC compensation is used on the transmitting side and series compensation is adopted in the receiving side.The topology is modeled by generalized state-space averaging(GSSA)and mutual inductance circuit model.Considering the frequency bifurcation phenomenon of LC/S compensated ICPT system,the main factors affecting the output voltage are clarified through comparative analysis.Compared with air,seawater is electrically conductive.When electromagnetic waves propagate in seawater medium,there exists eddy current effect.The eddy current loss is simulated by COMSOL multiphysics simulation software.The experimental platform is used to analyze the eddy current loss in seawater environment,and influence of coupling distance and the frequency on eddy current loss.The ferrite core is used to measure the magnetization curve under different DC excitations by using ferrite software.The magnetoresistance model is established for the saturable reactor,and the relationship between the AC equivalent inductance value and the DC current is obtained.A controllable saturable reactor was designed and fabricated,and the simulation was verified by COMSOL.In order to ensure the constant voltage output of the underwater ICPT system,considering the influence of load and coupling coefficient changes on the output,the saturated reactor is used as the adjustable inductor,and the PID closed-loop control is used to dynamically adjust the AC inductance to realize the regulated output of the ICPT system.The DC side control adopts Buck circuit,PWM control changes the output current of Buck circuit,and the voltage signal is transmitted by NRF24L01 module.The saurable reactor generates a high-frequency odd-order harmonic when it is in saturation state.This part of the harmonic energy can be transmitted to the load side to improve the transmission power of the ICPT system.Finally,the high-frequency inverter power supply and coupling mechanism are designed and constructed,and the underwater ICPT system experimental platform is built.The underwater constant voltage output is realized when the switching load and the coupling coefficient change.更多还原