【作者】 张琳；

【导师】 闫超； 姚凡；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 制药工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 毛细管电泳是一种新型的液相分离分析技术,以弹性的石英毛细管作为分离通道,以毛细管两端的高压直流电场产生的电渗流作为驱动力,根据待测样品中的各组分的电泳淌度的不同来实现分离。它具有分离效率高、分析速度快、溶剂消耗少且分离模式多等诸多优点,于兴起之时发展非常迅速,曾被预言未来将代替高效液相色谱(HPLC)成为微分离界主流分析仪器。理论分析表明,因为在毛细管的两端加了高压直流电场,毛细管中的电解质会产生焦耳热,焦耳热会使毛细管中的溶质在产生温度梯度分布,毛细管中心的溶质温度比近壁处的溶质的温度高。因为溶液粘度会随温度上升呈指数下降,毛细管中心溶质分子的迁移速度会比近管壁的溶质分子的迁移速度快,因此会造成谱带展宽和柱效下降的不利后果。传统的毛细管电泳仪因为没有毛细管温度控制,都存在着定量分析精度差、重复性不理想的缺点。为了毛细管电泳的分离提高精度,毛细管电泳商品仪器必须考虑对毛细管的温度控制。本课题设计的毛细管柱温箱是课题组全自动高精度毛细管电泳系统的研发任务的一个子任务,是以单片机为控制核心、半导体制冷和PID温度控制为基本原理,配以合理的电子电路和机械结构,构成毛细管电泳系统中的毛细管温度控制模块,为毛细管电泳系统减小或排除焦耳热效应的影响,提高毛细管电泳的精确度和重复性。全文共分七章:第一章主要对本课题的背景和意义做了介绍,首先介绍了毛细管电泳的发展历史和特点以及毛细管电泳的基本结构和主要影响因素,最后介绍了课题组研发全自动高精度定量毛细管电泳的历史以及课题研发的任务要求和主要内容。第二章、第三章、第四章和第五章的工作是介绍如何研发毛细管柱温箱的,第二章讲述了毛细管柱温箱的总体设计,三、四和五章分别从硬件电路、机械结构、和软件控制三个方面讲述如何设计毛细管柱温箱的,此外还考察了设计完成后的毛细管柱温箱的性能是否达到设计要求。第六章和第七章主要讲述了毛细管柱温箱分别与课题组研制的全自动高精度定量毛细管电泳仪和加压毛细管电色谱仪系统联用,考察毛细管柱温箱的实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Capillary electrophoresis(CE)is a new type of liquid phase separation technology,using the elastic,fused silica capillary as the separation channel,and using electroosmotic flow as the driving force.The separation of a sample mixture in CE was achieved according to the each component’s electrophoretic mobility difference.It has the characteristics of high column efficiency,fast separation,less solvent consumption.CE has been predicted that it would take the place of HPLC and become the mainstream analysis instrument in micro separation field.Theoretical analysis shows that,due to the high electric field across the capillary,the electrolyte in the capillary generates Joule heat.The Joule heat will create temperature gradient in the capillary,i.e.,the temperature in the capillary center is higher than temperature near the capillary wall.Because the solution viscosity decreases exponentially with temperature increasing,the migration speed of solute molecule in the capillary center is faster than the molecule’s migration speed near the capillary wall,causing band broadening and column efficiency declining.Without capillary temperature control,capillary electrophoresis generally suffers from poor accuracy of quantitative analysis and unsatisfactory repeatability.In order to improve the accuracy and precision,a capillary electrophoresis instrument must consider the capillary’s temperature control.We designed the capillary thermostat which is a sub-project of the project on the development of the fully automatic quantitative capillary electrophoresis system.It was based on the semiconductor refrigeration and PID temperature control,with reasonable mechanical structure and electronic circuit.For reducing or eliminating the effect of Joule heat in the CE system,and therefore,improving the accuracy and the precision of the CE performance.This dissertation is divided into seven chapters:In chapter 1,we mainly introduced the background and significance of the project.The development history and characteristics of CE were summarized,also with the basic structure and the main influencing factors.We have also introduced the research and development of the whole automatic high precision quantitative capillary electrophoresis.In chapters 2,3,4 and 5,we mainly introduced how to design the capillary thermostat.In the second chapter,we introduced the capillary thermostat’s overall design.In chapter 3,4,and 5,we respectively introduced the designs of capillary thermostat’s hardware circuit,mechanical structure and software control.In addition,we investigated the technical parameters of the capillary thermostat and evaluated requirements of the design.In chapter 6 and chapter 7,we mainly presented the experimental results of the quantitative capillary electrophoresis as well as the capillary electrochromatography,both with capillary thermostat installed.We also have also investigated the practicability of capillary thermostat.更多还原