【作者】 李瑞雪；

【导师】 徐小波；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人类对能源需求的日益增多,化石能源已经无法满足人类的需求,寻找并利用可再生能源成为了全球所关注和研究的热点。在所有的可再生能源中,太阳能发电成为了未来最有可能提供能源的途径。近年来,钙钛矿太阳能电池因其电池成本廉价、原料存储丰富、生产过程能耗小,工艺技术简单、转换效率高等优点,成为研究的热点。本文根据钙钛矿太阳能电池器件物理原理,通过搭建电路模型建立参数提取算法提取核心参数,并以此为基础讨论低辐照下钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能分析研究。（1）基于钙钛矿太阳能电池等效电路模型,给出了两种参数提取算法。在进行性能分析时,首先应对电池核心参数进行提取。第一种算法考虑不同光强下电池开路和短路时的J～V曲线,选取了几个不同光强下的测量值,通过线性拟合的方式开展对应参数提取,虽然精度高,但是算法对数据量有要求。为了对性能进行分析,本文给出了另一种更简单且精确度较好的算法,基于单J～V曲线的参数提取,即引入最大功率点,用#2钙钛矿太阳能电池提取参数进行验证,结果表明:该算法的可行性与正确性。（2）研究了低辐照条件下钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能变化。目前室内光器件的需求在逐渐增多,而室内辐照远低于标准条件,研究低辐照下的性能显得尤为重要。本文在单J～V曲线参数提取的基础上,建立短路电流密度、开路电压、填充因子、转换效率与光强之间的关系模型,并给出低辐照0.01～1kW/m²范围内参数的变化趋势,做出机理分析。结果表明:随着光强的减小,开路电压呈指数减小,在0.37～1kW/m²范围内,填充因子的增加主要由R_p的增加决定,而在0～0.14kW/m²范围内,R_s的增加导致FF急速下降;随着光强的增加,n随之增加,由于电池内部的复合效应的明显升高,J₀呈增加趋势;η的变化趋势由FF与V_oc共同决定,且随着G的减小,先几乎不变然后快速下降。综上得出,钙钛矿太阳能电池在0.37kW/m²以上的光强下才能发挥更好的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increased demand for energy,the fossil energy has been unable to meet human needs,and the search for and the use of renewable energy is becoming a global concern and research focus.Among all renewable energy sources,solar power is most likely to provide energy in the future.In recent years,perovskite solar cells have become a research hot spot because of their low cost,rich storage of raw materials,low energy consumption in production process,simple technology and high conversion efficiency.In this paper,with the support of device physics of perovskite solar cells,the core parameters are extracted by building circuit model and establishing parameter extraction algorithms.Based on this,the performance analysis of perovskite solar cells under low irradiation is discussed.(1)Based on the equivalent circuit model of perovskite solar cells,two parameter extraction algorithms are presented.In performance analysis,the core parameters of cells should be extracted first.The first algorithm considers J～V curves of open-circuit and short-circuit under different light intensities,chooses several measured values under different light intensities,and extracts corresponding parameters by linear fitting.Although the accuracy is high,the algorithm has requirements on the amount of data.In order to analyze the performance,a simpler and more accurate algorithm based on single J～V curve is proposed,that is,the maximum power point is introduced.The extraction parameters of #2 perovskite solar cells are validated.The results show that the algorithm is feasible and correct.(2)The performance variations of perovskite solar cells at low light intensity are investigated.At present,the demand for indoor optical devices is rising,and indoor irradiation is far below the standard conditions,so it is particularly important to study the performance under low irradiation.The solar irradiation dependent models main parameters including the short circuit current density,the open circuit voltage,the fill factor,and efficiency are confirmed.Then the variations of the main parameters with the intensity 0.01-1 kW/m~2 are discussed.It is shown that with the decrease of the solar intensity,the open circuit voltage shows an exponential decline.In the range of 0.37-1kW/m~2,the increase of the fill factor is mainly determined by the increase of the parallel resistance,while in the range of 0-0.14kW/m~2,the rise of the series resistance leads to the rapid decline of the fill factor.With the rise of the light intensity,the ideal factor goes up,and due to the obvious increase of the recombination effect inside the cells,the reverse saturated current density shows a grow trend.The trend of conversion efficiency is decided by both the fill factor and the open circuit voltage,and with the decline of solar light,it keeps almost unchanged firstly and then declines rapidly.In conclusion,the perovskite solar cell performs cell at the light intensity of 0.37kW/m~2 above.更多还原