【作者】 周莹；

【导师】 彭小彬；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 材料学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 为了解决化石能源短缺的问题,科研工作者开始探索新能源。太阳能作为取之不尽、用之不竭的可再生能源,引起了研究者地广泛关注。目前,直接将太阳能转化为电能的光电转换技术是最有效利用太阳能的技术。有机太阳电池相对于无机太阳电池来说,具有可低温溶液加工、成本低和质量轻等优点,而界面材料作为提高器件性能的重要材料,引起了研究的热潮。n-型阴极界面材料因其优异的电子传输性能,具有应用于大面积器件制备的优势。本论文的工作围绕n-型阴极界面材料展开,通过选用不同的给体单元、受体单元和极性基团,研究界面材料的性能。在第二章中,我们将带有季铵极性基团的三嗪单元通过炔桥分别与卟啉环和氨基芴相连接,合成了两个小分子界面材料TEH-ZnP-ET-TAZ-Br和FN-ET-TAZ-Br。在PTB7:PC₇₁BM体系中,以FN-ET-TAZ-Br和TEH-ZnP-ET-TAZ-Br作为阴极界面材料,器件的光电转换效率分别为6.82%和7.87%,明显高于无界面层器件的效率（4.17%）。研究表明,扩大共轭环可以协调分子的电子传输性能,提高电荷传输性能,从而提高器件的性能。在第三章中,我们以卟啉环为核,通过炔桥分别与带有极性季铵基团的NI和NDI相连接,合成了两个小分子界面材料TEHZnP-ENI-Br和TEHZnP-ENDI-Br。在PTB7:PC₇₁BM体系中,以TEHZnP-ENI-Br和TEHZnP-ENDI-Br作为阴极界面材料,器件的光电转换效率分别为8.09%和7.05%。研究表明,共轭主链的强吸电子能力和富电极性基团的给电子能力共同决定界面材料的性能,从而影响器件的性能。在第四章中,我们将带有环内极性基团的菲啰啉单元分别与NDI和PDI相连接,合成了两个小分子阴极界面材料NDI-Phen-Br₄和PDI-Phen-Br₄。在PTB7:PC₇₁BM体系中,以NDI-Phen-Br₄和PDI-Phen-Br₄作为阴极界面材料,器件的效率分别为6.10%和6.68%。而在PBDB-T:IT-M体系中,以PDI-Phen-Br₄/LiF作为阴极界面,器件的效率为11.1%,高于以PFNBr/LiF作为界面的器件效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problem of fossil energy shortage,researchers began to explore new energy sources.As an inexhaustible renewable energy,solar energy has attracted extensive attention of researchers.And,the photoelectric conversion technology can directly converts solar energy into electric energy.Compared with inorganic solar cells,organic solar cells have the advantages of low temperature solution processing,low cost and light quality.And,interface materials are often used to improve the device performance.N-type cathode interface material has the advantage of being used in large area device fabrication because of its excellent electronic transport properties.This dissertation focuses on the design and synthesis of n-type cathode interface material and their properties in OSCs.In the second chapter,we synthesized two interfacial materials,TEH-ZnP-ET-TAZ-Br and FN-ET-TAZ-Br,by connecting triazine units with quaternary ammonia polar groups with porphyrin rings and aminofluorene,respectively.The PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based devices with FN-ET-TAZ-Br and TEH-ZnP-ET-TAZ-Br as cathode interface materials exhibit photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.82%and 7.87%,respectively,which is obviously higher than that of the device without interface layer（4.17%）.The results show that enlargated conjugation rings can coordinate the electronic transport performance of molecules,improve the charge transfer performance,therefore improve the performance of devices.In the third chapter,we synthesized two interfacial materials TEHZnP-ENI-Br and TEHZnP-ENDI-Br by linking the porphyrin ring with Naphthalimide and Naphthalenetetracarboxdiimide with polar quaternary amino groups via alkyne bridges.The PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based devices with TEHZnP-ENI-Br and TEHZnP-ENI-Br as cathode interface materials exhibit photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.09%and 7.05%,respectively.The results show that the strong electron-deficient ability of the conjugated main chain and the electron-donating ability of the electron-rich groups determine the interface performance together,thus affecting the performance of the device.In the fourth chapter,we synthesized two small molecule cathode interface materials NDI-Phen-Br₄ and PDI-Phen-Br₄ by connecting the phenanthroline unit with the inner polar group of the ring with NDI and PDI,respectively.The PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based devices with NDI-Phen-Br₄ and PDI-Phen-Br₄ as cathode interface materials exhibit photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.10%and 6.68%,respectively.On the other hand,In PBDB-T:IT-M-based devices,the efficiency of devices using PDI-Phen-Br₄/LiF as cathode interfaces is 11.1%,which is higher than that using PFNBr/LiF as the interface.更多还原