【作者】 袁姗姗；

【导师】 余毅震；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 儿少卫生与妇幼保健学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:了解湖北省中学生校园暴力现状及其流行特征,探讨校园暴力的影响因素,为预防和干预校园暴力提供科学依据。方法:2017年3月至2017年10月期间在湖北省孝感和鄂州两市按照系统抽样方法选取初中、高中各2-3所,每个年级以班级为单位进行随机整群抽样调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、近一年内校园暴力发生情况,以及自尊、自我意识等。结果:1、本研究共收集有效问卷4,197份,年龄范围为9-21岁,其中男生2,332人(55.56%),女生1,865人(44.44%)。校园暴力报告率为67.76%,男生(71.83%)明显高于女生(62.68%)(P<0.001)。校园暴力报告率在不同私我意识水平和家庭教育方式上存在差异(P<0.05)。随着自尊水平的降低、公我意识水平的提高,中学生校园暴力报告率逐渐增加(P<0.001)。2、无论躯体暴力还是心理暴力,均为13-15岁年龄段的中学生得分最高,女生得分明显低于男生(P<0.001)。具有宗教信仰的中学生更容易遭受躯体暴力和心理暴力(P<0.05),不同父亲文化程度、家庭教育方式、自尊水平、私我意识水平、公我意识水平的中学生在躯体暴力和心理暴力得分上存在差异且均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3、躯体暴力与心理暴力以及暴力的各个维度之间均具有显著的正相关性(P<0.01),表明躯体暴力和心理暴力存在极大可能的并发性。4、多重线性回归显示,性别、自尊水平、宗教信仰、公我意识水平和家庭教育方式对躯体暴力具有良好的预测作用,而对心理暴力有预测作用的因素分别是性别、自尊水平、公我意识水平、宗教信仰和家庭教育方式。校园暴力总得分多重线性回归显示性别、宗教信仰、家庭教育方式对校园暴力有预测作用,公我意识水平可以对校园暴力进行正向预测,自尊水平对校园暴力有负向预测作用。结论:1、湖北省中学生校园暴力报告率较高,男生高于女生。2、校园心理暴力与躯体暴力具有较高的共存性。3、校园暴力与性别、家庭教育方式、自尊水平、自我意识密切相关。4、打造安全校园、预防校园暴力,需要家庭、学校和社会共同努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of school violence among middle school students in Hubei province,and explore the influencing factors for taking measures to prevent and reduce school violence in the future.Methods: There were respectively 2-3 middle schools and high schools from Xiaogan and Ezhou in Hubei province recruited by using the systematic sampling method(each class was seen as a unit for random cluster sampling)between March 2017 to October 2017.The occurrence of school violence in the past year,sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents,the levels of self-esteem and self-awareness were surveyed by using standardized questionnaires.Results: 1.A total of 4,197 valid questionnaires were collected in this study,with an age range of 9-21 years,including 2,332 boys(55.56%)and 1,865girls(44.44%).The school violence reporting rate was 67.76% in this survey.The reporting rate of school violence of boys(71.83%)was higher than that of girls(62.68%)(P<0.001).Significant differences in the reporting rate of school violence had been found in different level of private self-awareness.School violence was closely related to family parenting style(P<0.05).With the decrease of self-esteem and the increase of public self-awareness,the reporting rate of school violence among middle school students increased gradually(P<0.001).2.Students aged 13-15 got the highest scores of physical violence and psychological violence.The scores of girls were significantly lower than that of boys(P<0.001).Middle school students with some religious belief were more likely to suffer physical violence and psychological violence(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of physical violence and psychological violence among middle school students in different levels of father education,parenting style,self-esteem,private self-awareness,and public self-awareness(P<0.05).3.A significant positive correlation had been found between physical violence and psychological violence(P<0.01),and the correlation between all dimensions was also positive correlation(P<0.01),indicating that there was a great possibility of concurrency of physical and psychological violence.4.The multivariate regression results indicated five factors had a better predictive effect on physical violence,including gender,self-esteem level,religious belief,public self-awareness level and parenting style.While factors predicting psychological violence were gender,self-esteem level,public self-awareness level,religious belief and parenting style.And the multiple linear regression results of total scores of school violence showed that gender,religious belief and parenting style had predictive effects on school violence.The public self-awareness level could positively predict school violence,and the level of self-esteem had a negative predict effect on school violence.Conclusions: 1.The reporting rate of school violence among middle school students in Hubei province is relatively high.And the school violence reporting rate of Boys is higher than that of girls.2.There is a high co-existence between psychological violence and physical violence in adolescents.3.School violence of adolescents is closely related to gender,parenting style,self-esteem and self-consciousness.4.It requires the family,the school and the society jointed together to prevent school violence and build a safe campus for children.更多还原