【作者】 陈海燕；

【导师】 聂爱情；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 应用心理学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 在人类日常生活中,记忆占据了重要的地位。记忆是人类对于信息进行编码、存储和提取的能力。在记忆中,外显记忆一直是记忆研究的重要课题之一,再认是外显记忆较为典型的测验方式。以往对于再认记忆的研究中,多集中于研究材料、词语频率、时间间隔以及语言差异等因素对其的影响。目前关于年龄阶段的研究虽有涉及老年人,但是较少与青年人的研究结果进行比较。目前大部分的记忆研究都是通道内,很少以通道间的角度来进行研究。基于此,本研究采用相同的研究范式(连续再认范式)、对刺激的呈现时间间隔和呈现通道进行控制,针对青年人和老年被试群体分别记录他们对高频词和低频词材料的再认情况。研究一为青年人对低频词和高频词的再认,研究二为老年人对低频词和高频词的再认。先对每个实验不同词频材料的实验结果进行分析,再研究词频分别对青年人(研究一)和老年人(研究二)的调节作用,然后比较低频词条件下,老年人和青年人的再认差异,进一步探明影响外显记忆再认的因素及相关机制。本研究的主要结论:(1)时间间隔对青年人和老年人再认均有影响。(2)通道类型对老年人再认的影响强于其对于青年人的影响。(3)词频类型仅对老年人起到调节作用。(4)青年人和老年人的外显记忆存在差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Memory plays important roles in daily life of human beings.Memory is the process of coding,storing and extracting perceived information.Explicit memory has always been one of the significant topics in memory study,and recognition is the typical testing method of explicit memory.The researches of recognition memory in the past days are mostly concerned about the influence of data,word frequency,time interval and language differences.The aged group is involved in the current researches,but researches are rarely seen related to its comparison with the youth group.Most memory studies are done within the channels,rather than done between the channels.Based on this,the present study adopts the same study model(the continuous recognition model),controlled the time intervals and channels of presenting stimuli,and correspondingly record the recognition situations of high and low frequency words by the youth group and the aged group.Study One is the recognition of both frequencies words by the youth group;Study Two is the recognition of both frequencies words by the aged group.Firstly the two studies are analyzed based on different word frequency,and then it probes into the mediating effect of word frequency on the youth group(Study One)and that on the aged people(Study Two),separately.Also,it compares the recognition differences between different age groups in low frequency word situation,and further discusses the factors and relative mechanisms that influence explicit memory recognition.Research findings are as follows:(1)The time interval has effects on recognition of both the youth and aged groups.(2)The modality has more effects on recognition of the aged group than that of the youth group.(3)The word frequency type only has regulating effects on the aged group.(4)There are differences of explicit memory among both age groups.更多还原