【作者】 杨尚东；

【导师】 庞力平； 叶利娜；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学(北京) ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 高温熔盐具有化学稳定性高、工作温度高和热容较高的优点,是一种性能较好的经过工程检验的储热和换热工质,广泛应用于太阳能热发电和核电领域,针对高温熔盐进行的传热、流动、热应力和腐蚀研究是实现高温熔盐工业应用的主要研究问题。本文针对容量为4t、工作温度为250-550℃的二元硝酸盐高温熔盐实验台,应用工程热力学、传热学和工程流体力学基本理论和方法,进行了高温熔盐实验台系统流程、主要设备设计和优化选型,以及PLC控制系统的工作参数和控制回路设计工作;依据设计参数分析了熔盐系统电加热和管道系统不同条件的散热情况,进行了电加热器选型和管道电伴热系统、熔盐罐几何结构和管道布置和走向设计、高温熔盐泵的选型、高温测点、罐体温度监测和高温流量测点布置、PLC热工控制系统组态和监控、升温加热PID控制方法和参数选择等工作。通过对设计和安装后的高温熔盐实验台进行了热态运行和PID控制参数调试,完成了高温熔盐实验系统的升温加热、PID热工控制和组态的修改和调试、管道系统伴热系统标定和熔盐罐整体温度分布情况实验,通过整个系统联调、修改和测试步骤,最终高温熔盐实验台达到了预定的工作温度和工作流量,为后续的高温熔盐流动、换热及热应力测试等实验奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-temperature molten salt has the advantages of high chemical stability,high working temperature and high heat capacity,it is a well-tested heat storage and heat transfer medium with engineering properties,widely used in solar thermal power generation and nuclear power.Heat transfer,flow,thermal stress and corrosion of high temperature molten salt are the main research issues in the application of high temperature molten salt industry.For the binary nitrate high temperature molten salt test bench with a capacity of 4t and a working temperature of 250-550℃ this dissertation applies the engineering thermodynamics,heat transfer and engineering fluid mechanics basic theories and methods to choose the main equipment design and optimization selection,as well as the working parameters and control loop of the PLC control system;according to the design parameters,the heat dissipation conditions of the electric heating and piping systems of the molten salt system were analyzed,and the electric heater selection and pipeline electricity,heat tracing system,molten salt tank geometry and piping layout and design,high temperature molten salt pump selection,high temperature measuring point,tank temperature monitoring and high temperature flow measuring point arrangement,PLC thermal control system configuration and monitoring,heating PID control methods and parameter selection work were carried out.Through the hot operation and PID control parameter debugging of the designed and installed high-temperature molten salt test bench,the heating of the high-temperature molten salt experimental system,PID thermal control,configuration modification,debugging,piping system heating,the system calibration and the overall temperature distribution experiment of the molten salt tank were completed.Through the entire system joint adjustment,modification and testing steps,the final high temperature molten salt test bench reached the predetermined working temperature.更多还原