【作者】 王婧；

【导师】 乔新华；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 中国史， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 明代山西移民是中国历史上影响范围广、意义深远的一次人口大迁徙,而与之相对应产生的洪洞移民传说则在北方地区流传甚广,并多见于族谱、墓志、个人传记的记载中。满清时期,作为真实历史事件的山西洪洞移民已经过去,但它仍然广泛存在于民众的记忆中。随着移民传说的广泛传播和文本记载的增多,山西洪洞移民传说作为民众记忆历史的方式之一,逐渐成为拥有新的文化意涵的“记忆场”。本文在以往研究的基础上,以地方志、族谱、墓志、文集、日记记载为主要史料,拟对山西洪洞移民传说在有清一代的历史叙事衍变进行探究。将相关移民的历史叙述置于具体的区域历史及时代背景下进行阐释,揭示洪洞大槐树移民从历史事实转变为社会流行文化符号的流变过程,进而探究相关历史叙述背后的社会文化史意义。第一部分主要是对清初文本中所见的洪洞移民记录进行分析。从相关文本叙述的内容来看,有关其祖先移民的历史叙述更趋向于陈述客观移民史实,内容相对简略,大多只涉及迁出地洪洞,至于始迁祖的具体来历则大都没有提及,有的甚至连移民时间都没有提及,但是相关的移民传说已经开始出现。同时将洪洞移民传说回归到清初具体的历史背景中去阐释,认为清初地权分配和政府垦荒政策的实施对洪洞移民传说的流传和丰富起了至关重要的作用。第二部分则主要阐述清中期宗族发展大众化背景下的洪洞移民传说衍变。从地方宗族文化建设的现实需要出发,解释在此时段内洪洞移民传说流传的主要原因及主要方式,从明清宗族的发展轨迹来看,宗族的发展与移民传说的发展是高度契合的。并通过对比普通宗族与地方望族在洪洞移民传说中所具有的不同语境,揭示移民传说在不同宗族群体之间所发挥的不同作用。第三部分围绕“地域认同视野下的洪洞移民传说”展开,主要是对晚清族谱中的移民记忆进行分析,并以此来探究晚清洪洞移民传说所呈现出来的趋势和特点。随着洪洞移民传说所涵盖的范围和群体逐渐变大,以及“大槐树”和“老鹳窝”等象征性地名的相继出现,表明移民传说已经逐渐演变为包容并蓄的多元文化标签。更多还原

【Abstract】 The migration of Shanxi in Ming dynasty was a great migration with wide influence and far-reaching significance in Chinese history,while the legend of Hongtong migration corresponding to it was widely spread in the northern region,which was commonly recorded in genealogy,epitaph and personal biography.As a real historical event,the migration of Hongtong in shanxi had passed away during the Qing dynasties,but it still existed widely in people’s memory.With the wide spread of immigrant legends and the increase of textual records,the legends of Hongtong migration in Shanxi,as one of the ways for people to remember history,have gradually become a "memory field" with the new cultural implications.On the basis of previous studies,this paper takes local Chronicles,genealogy,epitaph,anthology and diary records as the main historical materials,and intends to explore the historical narrative evolution of the legend of Hongtong migrants in Shanxi during the Qing dynasty.The historical narration of relevant migrants is explained in the context of specific regional history and times to reveal the evolution process of Hongtong migrants from historical facts to social pop culture symbols,and then explore the significance of social and cultural history behind the relevant historical narration.The first part mainly analyzes the records of hongtong immigrants seen in the texts of early Qing dynasty.From the perspective of a related text narrative content,historical accounts for their ancestors migrants tend to state the objective historical migration,and content is relatively brief,which is mostly related only to the area of origin Hongtong.As to the specific origin of the first migratory ancestor mostly didn’t mentioned,some even didn’t mentioned the migration time,but the relevant immigration legend was emerged.At the same time,the legend of Hongtong migration is explained in the specific historical background of the early Qing dynasty,and the distribution of land rights and the implementation of the government’sreclamation policy play a crucial role in spreading and enriching the legend of Hongtong migration.The second part mainly elaborates the evolution of the legend of Hongtong migrants under the background of the popularization of patriarchal clan in the mid-Qing dynasty.Based on the actual needs of the construction of local clan culture,this paper explains the main reasons and main ways for the spread of the legend of Hongtong migrants in this period.From the perspective of the development trajectory of the clans in the Ming and Qing dynasties,the development of the clans is highly compatible with the development of immigrant legends.Then by comparing the different contexts of common clans and local notable clans in the immigrant legends in Hongtong,the author intends to reveal the different roles played by immigrant legends in different clan groups.The third part focuses on "the legend of immigrants in Hongtong from the perspective of regional identification",mainly analyzing the memory of immigrants in the family tree of the late Qing dynasty,and based on this,exploring the trends and characteristics of the legend of immigrants in Hongtong in the late Qing dynasty.With the gradual expansion of the scope and groups covered by the legend of immigrants in Hongtong,as well as the emergence of symbolic place names such as "big locust tree" and "old stork’s nest",the legend of immigrants has gradually evolved into an inclusive and inclusive multicultural label.更多还原