【作者】 刘玲；

【导师】 方红姣； 黄守红；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 哲学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 先秦时期,墨学是与儒学并列“显学”的重要学术流派。因为各种原因,墨学研究在向后的发展中,近乎中断。直到清末,以梁启超为代表的思想家重新开始重视墨学,把墨学提升到重要的位置。作为近代早期的资产阶级思想家,面对国家亡国灭种的危机,梁启超毫不犹豫地站出来为国家的救亡图存奔走,他是一位积极救世的思想家,他的学术始终围绕救世这一终极目标。梁启超的著述颇丰,达上千万字,这些文字都是他在学术上为国家努力取得的成果。他之所以要复兴墨学,提升墨学的学术地位,都是旨在思想救国,他凭着强烈的社会责任感、时代感和不同寻常的洞察力取得了辉煌的学术成就。梁启超的墨学研究有其深刻的背景,他结合当时的政治时局,积极寻求开民智的方法。在前人研究墨学的基础上,他重新解读墨子,论述了《墨经》的相关内容,阐释了对墨子兼爱、宗教思想、实利主义及其经济学说、政术和论理学的理解,在重新解读的过程中,梁启超灵活采用中西比较的方法去发掘墨学的精髓。他对墨学开展的这一系列研究有自己的特色:采用义理法开展墨学研究,借助西学思想解墨,创立“牒经标题公例”解墨。梁启超的墨学研究具有很高的学术价值。他的墨学研究上承孙诒让,下启胡适,重新确立了墨学在历史上的地位。他不仅改变了人们对墨学的传统观点,而且打开了人们重新认识墨学的大门。梁启超在墨学研究中创立的“牒经标题公例”是校勘学方面的一个重要贡献。同时梁启超的墨学研究对后来的墨学研究者影响很大,他的研究吸引了很多重要思想家对墨学的关注,“墨学热”让墨学重新受到重视并得到发展。梁启超阐发的传统墨学的牺牲精神和高尚人格,体现了他高度的爱国主义情怀,他的墨学研究里面的许多精神被赋予了与时俱进的新内涵,对中国当代社会主义精神文明建设有着重要的价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the pre-Qin period,Mohism was an important academic school that was juxtaposed with Confucianism.Because of various reasons of society,the thought of Mohism is almost interrupted in the development.Until the end of the Qing Dynasty,the thinkers represented by Liang Qichao re-emphasized Mohism and elevated Mohism to an important position.As an early bourgeois thinker,Liang Qichao faced the crisis of the country’s destruction of the country.He did not hesitate to stand up and save the country’s national salvation.He is a positive salvation thinker.His academic always focuses on the ultimate goal of salvation.Liang Qichao’s writings are tens of millions of words,and these words are the marks of his academic efforts for the country.The reason why he wants to revive Mohism and enhance the academic status of Mohism is to save the country by thought.He has achieved brilliant academic achievements with a strong sense of social responsibility,sense of the times and unusual insights.Liang Qichao’s study of Mohism has a profound academic background.He actively seeks to open up the wisdom of the people in light of the political situation at that time.On the basis of his predecessors’ study of Mohism,he reinterpreted Mozi,discussed the relevant content of “Mojing”,and explained his own views on Mozi’s love,religious thought,utilitarianism and its economics,politics and On the point of view of science,in the process of reinterpretation,he flexibly adopts the method of Chinese and Western comparison to explore the essence of Mohism,His series of studies on Mohism have distinct characteristics: the use of the theory of ethics to carry out the study of Mohism,and the use of Western thought,the creation of the “Manuscript of the Title”.Liang Qichao’sMohism study has high academic value.His study of Mohisminherits the achievements of Sun Yirang and inspired Hu Shi.He re-established the position of Mohism in history.He not only changed people’s traditional views on Mohism,but also opened the door to people’s re-recognition of Mohism.The “Manuscript of the Title” created by his study in Mohism is an important contribution to the study of collation.At the same time,Liang Qichao’sMohism study has a great influence on the later Mohism researchers.His study has attracted many important thinkers’ attention to Mohism.The “Mohism Learning Heat” has made Mohism re-emphasized and developed.Liang Qichao’ traditional sacrificial spirit and noble personality also reflect his high patriotism.Many of the spirits in his study of Mohism have been given new connotations of advancing with the times.It has important value for the construction of Chinese contemporary socialist spiritual civilization.更多还原