【作者】 陈媛媛；

【导师】 刘晓东；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林业硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以河北省塞罕坝机械林场为研究对象,通过收集林场的森林资源、经济社会等相关数据,开展林场可持续发展现状评价研究。首先运用SWOT法分析林场经营现状,然后根据分析结果从生态、经济和社会三个层面构建评价体系,采用层次分析法(AHP)对林场的可持续发展现状进行评价,最后基于评价结果提出促进林场可持续发展的对策建议。研究结果如下:(1)林场经营现状分析。林场优势包括地理位置优越、森林资源丰富、人文底蕴浓厚;劣势包括林相结构单一、龄组构成比例失衡、径级结构不合理及林业产业开发不足;机遇包括现有林业政策优化及生态旅游业迅速发展;威胁包括人力资金短缺、伴随生态旅游开发对森林造成的干扰。总体上林场经营发展呈现良好趋势。(2)林场可持续发展现状评价。构建包括3个子系统层,8个状态层,共27个指标的评价体系。基于评价体系计算得出:塞罕坝林场可持续发展综合评价指数值为0.810,其中生态可持续性指数值为0.864,经济可持续性指数值为0.716,社会可持续性指数值为0.830。其结果与森林可持续经营目标值(≥1)非常接近,因此可认为塞罕坝林场的森林经营处于可持续状态。(3)林场可持续发展对策研究。本文提出的对策分为森林生态系统功能提升、林业产业体系转型升级、林业支撑体系提升三个方面。其中,森林生态系统功能提升对策包括实施荒山造林、封山育林、提升公益林生态功能方面的措施;林业产业体系转型升级对策包括提升商品林质量、发展种苗产业、优化生态旅游产业、促进林下经济产业绿色发展;林业支撑体系提升对策包括健全科技及人才支撑保障、建设森林防火体系、建设林业有害生物防控体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper researches forest management in Saihanba Forest Farm in Hebei Province.Firstly,the author analyzes the current situation of forest farm management and development by using the method of SWOT.Secondly,the evaluation index system of forest sustainable management in Saihanba forest region is put forward.AHP is used to evaluate the situation of forest sustainable management.Finally,according to the evaluation results,carry out countermeasures research for the sustainable development of the region.The results are as follows:(1)Analyze the status of forest farm management.There are some problems in the forest farm such as unreasonable forest structure,simple tree species compositon,low forest quality,unreasonable industrial structure and so on.However,due to the rich forest resources and human resources,rapid development of eco-tourism and facing the important opportunities of optimization of forestry policies,the overall management and development of forest farm shows a good trend.(2)According to the analysis,this paper established a complete evaluation indicator system.The aim of the system is to achieving sustainable management in Saihanba forest area.The evaluation system consists of 4 layers,including 3 system layers,8 criterion layers,and 27 indicator layers.This paper evaluates the sustainability of forest management in Saihanba Forest Farms from three aspects:ecology,economy and society.The results show that the comprehensive evaluation index of forest sustainable management in Saihanba forest area is 0.810,indecating that forest resources management is in a state of sustainable development.According to the analysis,the ecological sustainability index and the social sustainability index are 0.864 and 0.830,the economic sustainability index is 0.716,which is slightly lower than the other two subsystems,and all of them are in the sustainable development state.(3)Based on the evaluation results,the countermeasures can be divided into three aspects——the improvement of forest ecosystem function,the transformation and upgrading of forestry industry system,and the improvement of forestry support system.The measures to improve the function of forest ecosystem include implement afforestation on barren hills,closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation,and improving the ecological function of public welfare forests.Countermeasures for the transformation and upgrading of the forestry industry system include improving the quality of commercial forests,developing seedling industry,optimizing eco-tourism industry and promoting the green development of under-forest economic industry.The countermeasures for improving the forestry support system include perfecting the support guarantee of science and technology and talents,building a forest fire prevention system,and building forest pest prevention and control system.更多还原