【作者】 李敏；

【导师】 夏海山；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 建筑学（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 在当前资源短缺、环境危机的背景下,我国建筑业向新型建筑工业化方向转型成为必要选择,但是,建筑部品发展中的问题如部品的标准化设计不足,建筑与部品、部品与部品间不协调;部品、部件间的接口大小与形式不统一;部品的标准化、通用化、系列化差,部品体系不完善。这些问题是制约建筑工业化前进的重要原因,本文针对以上问题展开对部品通用化技术与部品模数协调应用研究。首先,通过以住宅部品为主线,梳理我国与日本工业化住宅的发展历程并进行深入的对比研究,分析得出我国工业化住宅及部品现状存在的问题,并从日本住宅工业化的发展历程中得到经验借鉴,明确了本研究的主要问题为“部品通用化”;基于对我国与日本结构通用体系、部品通用互换方式的研究,展开住宅部品通用化基本理论的探讨;对部品标准化、部品集成化、部品模块化与部品通用化之间的关系进行辨析,为部品通用化的研究提供参考依据。然后,基于对部品通用化的基本理论研究,结合对混凝土预制构件生产工厂的调研,以及对生产商、设计人员、施工人员的咨询访谈,总结出部品通用必须满足的技术条件:①部品间模数协调;②部品接口统一;③部品性能满足国家认证标准。由于论文研究时间及能力所限,故本文对部品间的模数协调技术展开深入的研究,为部品通用化的后两个技术条件的研究提供理论支撑及研究思路借鉴。通过总结我国建筑模数协调标准发展的现状问题,并与国际和日本的模数协调标准进行对比,总结出我国模数协调的发展方向。梳理了需要协调的住宅部品,阐释了模数网格协调原则。在模数协调理论研究的基础上,将住宅分为结构体空间模数网格、功能空间模数网格、二维装修模数网格三个层级,结合调研及国标对每一层级所涉及的需要协调的住宅部品优选尺寸进行归纳,进而研究各层级模数网格与部品的模数协调方法。最后,在论文得出的模数协调应用方法基础上,运用装配式混凝土剪力墙结构住宅的部品、部件模数协调的案例,对论文研究内容及模数协调方法进行实践检验,完成理论研究的成果转换,得出部品、部件“少规格、多组合”的工业化住宅设计原则。最后,总结出要想实现建筑部品的标准化、通用化、系列化、模块化、集成化等的发展,促进住宅工业化的发展,必须从整体规划考虑装配式建筑设计,将“自上而下”与“自下而上”的发展策略共同践行,并充分结合信息化、数字化的发展.来促进建筑工业化的发展。本文插图74幅,表格53张,参考文献95篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the background of current resource shortage and environmental crisis,it is necessary for China’s construction industry to transform into a new type of building industrialization.However,problems in the development of building parts,such as lack of standardized design of parts,inconsistency between building and parts,inconsistency of interface size and form between parts,inconsistency of standardization,generalization and serialization of parts,etc.Poor,imperfect product system.These problems are the important reasons that restrict the progress of building industrialization.In this paper,the application research of general technology and modulus coordination of parts is carried out in view of the above problems.Firstly,by taking residential parts as the main line,combing the development process of industrialized housing in China and Japan and making a deep comparative study,the paper analyses the existing problems of industrialized housing and its components in China,and draws lessons from the development process of industrialized housing in Japan,which clarifies the necessity and research direction of the research on the generalization of residential parts;Based on the study of the general structure system and the general interchange mode between China and Japan,the basic theory of the general use of residential parts is discussed,and the relationship between the standardization,integration,modularization and generalization of parts is discriminated,which provides a reference for the research of the generalization of parts.Then,based on the research of the basic theory of part generalization,combined with the investigation of the concrete prefabricated component production plant and the consultation and interview with the producers,designers and constructors,the technical conditions that must be satisfied for part generalization are summarized as follows:1)module coordination between parts;2)interface unification between parts;and 3)the performance of parts meets the national certification standards.Due to the limitation of research time and ability,this paper conducts in-depth research on modular coordination technology between parts,hoping to provide theoretical support and research ideas for the research of the latter two technical conditions of the generalization of parts.By summarizing the current situation of the development of modular coordination standards in China,and comparing with the international and Japanese standards,the development direction of modular coordination in China is summarized.This paper combs the residential parts that need to be coordinated,and explains the principle of modular grid coordination.On the basis of the theory of modular coordination,the housing is divided into three levels:structural space modular grid,functional space modular grid and two-dimensional decoration modular grid.Combining with the data of investigation and national standard,the optimum sizes of residential parts which need to be coordinated in each level are summarized,and then the modular coordination method of modular grid and parts in each level is studied.On the basis of the application method of modular coordination,this paper uses the case of modular coordination of parts and components in the fabricated concrete shear wall structure housing to test the research content and the method of modular coordination in practice,complete the transformation of theoretical research results,and obtain the design principle of industrial housing with "less specifications and more combinations"of parts and components.Finally,it is concluded that in order to realize the standardization,generalization,serialization,modularization and integration of building parts and promote the development of housing industrialization,assembly architecture design must be considered as a whole,the development strategy of "top-down" and"bottom-up" should be implemented together,and the development of informatization and digitization should be fully combined to promote the development of building industrialization.In this paper,there are 74 illustrations,53 tables and 95 references.更多还原