【作者】 刘扬；

【导师】 赵先超； 陈光明；

【作者基本信息】 湖南工业大学 ， 人居环境设计学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着铁路运输业的快速发展,铁路遍布全国各地成为首选出行交通工具之一。铁路发展带来了经济与便捷性,却对环境造成了不可逆的影响。铁路轨道的建设分割了完整的景观斑块使其成为孤岛,破坏了生态稳定性,阻碍了生物交流。铁路运营期间排放的废弃物与噪音成为影响环境质量的重要因素之一,使原本远离视线的铁路地带成为城市暗角。铁路沿线景观营造是符合当代城市绿地发展,具有较高的社会价值,它能够将城市与乡村连接统筹发展,更能够让铁路成为连接板块之间的绿色通道,加强生物交通,提高生态性与整体性。论文从生态视角出发,以株洲县京广铁路段沿线景观为契机,探讨铁路环境发展背景与国内外研究概况,明确研究的目的及意义,以生态学为基础,运用案例对比、文献查阅、实地调研法、专家打分法、层次分析法等对铁路景观进行全面的探讨,阐述铁路景观分类、铁路景观影响因素、铁路沿线自然景观特点、铁路附属设施景观特点等,分析青藏铁路、胶济铁路青岛段、李沧铁路、美国伯明翰铁路公园、塞默林铁路,构建景观营造策略,得出景观营造原则、内容等。最后将株洲县京广铁路段进行实例论证,以城市双修与撤县立区为背景,分析株洲县总体格局与现状布局,选取了16项研究指标,构建景观生态评价体系进行生态分析,分析得出:(1)株洲县京广铁路沿线生态良好,自然度较高,总体环境稳定,区域生产力以农业为主,人工干扰性程度高;(2)景观丰富度与复杂度值偏低,景观斑块类型简单,生态系统脆弱;(3)综合评价CEI指数分析表明林地景观基本保持原始生态格局;耕地与水域生态质量较好;城镇与道路景观CEI指数最低,生态环境较差,破碎度较高。之后,根据生态评价结果明确营造内容与要点,进行实际分析得出结论:通过对理论研究与实际案例的论证,铁路景观在建设初期应当通过科学分析现状格局,进行景观生态评价,科学规划线路,尽量减少对环境的伤害;以生态实用原则为基础,融入城市文化内涵,注重生态建设,不仅要保障居民通行的安全性,也要考虑将生物通行,提高环境稳定性;景观营造应当考虑视线的统一性,营造丰富的季节景观变化,根据不同的景观段设置相应的主题,达到丰富的景观效果等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the railway transportation industry,railways have become one of the preferred modes of transportation throughout the country,and will expand the scale of construction in the future.The development of the railway brought economic and convenience,but it has an irreversible impact on the environment.The construction of the railway track divided the complete landscape patches into isolated green spaces,which destroyed the ecological stability and hindered the biological exchange.The waste and noise emitted during the operation of the railway became one of the important factors affecting the quality of the environment,making the railway zone that was originally far from the line of sight a vignetting angle of the city.The landscape construction along the railway is in line with the development of contemporary urban green space and has high social value.It can connect the city and the village to co-ordinate development,and it can make the railway become a green channel between the connecting plates,strengthen biological transportation,improve ecology and overall.From the perspective of ecology,this paper takes the landscape along the Beijing-Guangzhou railway section of Zhuzhou County as an opportunity to discuss the development background of the railway environment and the research situation at home and abroad,and clarify the purpose and significance of the research.Based on ecology,Using the literature comprehensive method,field research method,expert scoring method,analytic hierarchy process,etc.,to comprehensively discussed the railway landscape including railway landscape classification,the railway landscape influencing factors,the natural landscape characteristics along the railway,the landscape characteristics of the railway auxiliary facilities,etc.Analysis of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,the Qingdao section of the Jiaoji Railway,the Lishao Railway,the Birmingham Railway Park,the Semmering Railway,constructing a landscape construction strategy and draw the principles and contents of landscape construction.Finally,the case study of the Beijing-Guangzhou railway section of Zhuzhou County was carried out that based on theurban double repair and the withdrawal of the county,this paper analyzes the overall pattern and current situation of Zhuzhou County,selects 16 research indicators,and constructs a landscape ecological evaluation system for ecological analysis.It is concluded that:(1)The Zhuguang County Beijing-Guangzhou Railway has a good ecological environment,high naturalness,stable overall environment,regional productivity is mainly agricultural,and the degree of artificial interference is high;(2)The landscape richness and complexity value are low and the landscape patch type is simple,and the ecosystem is fragile;(3)The comprehensive evaluation CEI index analysis shows that the forest land landscape basically maintains the original ecological pattern;the cultivated land and water area have better ecological quality;The road landscape has the lowest CEI index,poor ecological environment and high fragmentation.After that,based on the results of the ecological evaluation,the key points for the construction of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway will be formulated,and the overall plan,special design,and divisional design will be explained.Through the argumentation of theoretical research and actual cases,the railway landscape should be scientifically analyzed in the initial stage of construction,landscape ecological evaluation,scientific planning of routes,minimizing damage to the environment;based on ecological and practical principles,incorporating urban cultural connotations,Paying attention to ecological construction,not only to ensure the safety of residents,but also to consider the passage of organisms and improve environmental stability;landscape construction should consider the unity of sight,create rich seasonal landscape changes;set different designs according to different landscape segments.The theme,using seasonal changes in plants,to achieve rich landscape effects.更多还原