【作者】 陈艳；

【导师】 付保红；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 土地资源的有限性使得人们不断调整土地利用的结构和布局,以实现土地资源的最大效益。但我国近年来开始加速推进城镇化进程,土地资源在开发过程中,由于采用了不合理的土地利用方式,破坏了土地的生态环境。陇川县为了发展经济,开始大力推进“工业富县”战略,建设用地激增,耕地质量逐年下降,土地的生态系统遭到一定程度的破坏。为实现陇川县土地资源的可持续发展,从土地生态承载力的角度对土地利用结构和布局进行优化具有重要的意义。本文首先对陇川县的土地资源利用现状以及2007-2016年各地类的变化情况进行分析,然后运用生态足迹法对陇川县这十年间的土地生态承载力进行测算。最后,运用多目标线性规划模型和CLUE-S模型,对陇川县2025年的土地资源从生态承载力的角度进行结构和空间布局等方面进行优化。研究得出的主要结论如下:(1)陇川县土地利用现状以及过去十年间的动态情况如下:①陇川县当前的土地利用以农用地为主,占全县土地的91.52%,建设用地的占比仅为5.01%,土地利用率较高达到96.75%;②2007-2016十年间耕地和建设用地需求逐年增加,林地和自然保留地递减趋势明显;这10年间,面积变化速率较快的地类是园地、城乡建设用地以及草地。(2)陇川县过去十年间的土地生态承载力的变化为:①人均生态足迹有所增长,土地生态承载力总体增长,但人均生态承载力却下降;②2016年以前,陇川县土地的生态承载力较高,一直是生态盈余状态,但人均生态盈余一直在减少,2016年,出现赤字,生态赤字为0.0111hm2/人。表明当前陇川县的土地生态承载力已经处于超载的边缘,不利于土地资源的可持续发展。(3)本文对陇川县土地利用结构进行优化,将土地生态承载力作为多目标线性规划模型的目标之一,得到了两种方案,最终选取经济与生态并重的方案为最佳方案。优化后,耕地占比为27.38%,园地占比为1%,林地占比为63.21%,草地占比为1.90%,建设用地占比为5.56%,水域占比为0.9%,未利用地占比为0.05%。将经济生态并重方案与2016年现状相比,土地的生态承载力、经济效益均大于现状。(4)将经济生态并重方案作为2025年的土地需求,结合CLUE-S模型对陇川县2025年的土地利用进行空间布局优化。结果显示.陇川县2016-2025年间,各地类转化的空间特分布特征为:新增耕地主要分布于陇川县南部地势较为平缓的区域,新增园地和新增林地主要分布于陇川县北部山区半山区,新增建设用地主要分布于陇川县南部坝子区域,各地类空间转移分布与陇川县地形地貌分布特征一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 The limited nature of land resources makes people constantly adjust the structure and layout of land use to achieve the maximum benefits of land resources.However,in recent years,China has accelerated the process of urbanization.In the process of development of land resources,the use of unreasonable land use methods has destroyed the ecological environment of the land.In order to develop the economy,Luanchuan County began to vigorously promote the strategy of "industrial rich counties".The construction land has surged,the quality of cultivated land has been declining year by year,and the ecological system of the land has been damaged to some extent.In order to realize the sustainable development of land resources in Luanchuan County,it is of great significance to optimize the land use structure and layout from the perspective of land ecological carrying capacity,This paper first analyzes the current situation of land resource utilization in Luanchuan County and the changes of various types in 2007-2016,and then uses the ecological footprint method to measure the ecological carrying capacity of the land in Luanchuan County during the decade.Finally,using the multi-objective linear programming model and the CLUE-S model,the land resources of Luanchuan County in 2025 are optimized from the perspective of ecological carrying capacity.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The status of land use in Luanchuan County and the dynamics of the past ten years are as follows:1 The current land use in Luanchuan County is mainly agricultural land,accounting for 91.52%of the county’s land,and the proportion of construction land is only 5.01%.The land utilization rate reached 96.75%;2 the demand for cultivated land and construction land increased year by year in 2007-2016,and the trend of declining forest land and natural reserve was obvious.In the past 10 years,the land with faster change in area was the garden land and urban and rural construction land.Grassland.(2)The change of land ecological carrying capacity in Luanchuan County in the past ten years is as follows:(1)the per capita ecological footprint has increased,and the ecological carrying capacity of the land has increased overall,but the per capita ecological carrying capacity has declined;2 before 2016,the land of Luanchuan County The ecological carrying capacity is relatively high and has always been an ecological surplus.However,the per capita ecological surplus has been decreasing.In 2016,there was a deficit and the ecological deficit was 0.0111 hm2/person.It indicates that the current land ecological carrying capacity of Luanchuan County is already on the verge of overload,which is not conducive to the sustainable development of land resources.(3)This paper optimizes the land use structure of Luanchuan County,and takes the ecological carrying capacity of the land as one of the objectives of the multi-objective linear programming model.Two schemes are obtained,and the economic and ecological schemes are selected as the best solution.After optimization,the proportion of cultivated land is 27.38%,the proportion of garden land is 1%,the proportion of forest land is 63.21%,the proportion of grassland is 1.90%,the proportion of construction land is 5.56%,the proportion of water area is 0.9%,and the proportion of unused land is The ratio is 0.05%.Comparing the economic and ecological equalization plan with the current situation in 2016,the ecological carrying capacity and economic benefits of the land are greater than the current situation.(4)Taking the economic and ecological equalization plan as the land demand in 2025,combined with the CLUE-S model to optimize the spatial layout of land use in Luanchuan County in 2025.The results show that the spatial distribution characteristics of local transformations in Luanchuan County during 2016-2025 are:the newly added cultivated land is mainly distributed in the relatively flat area in the southern part of Luanchuan County,and the newly added gardens and newly added forest land are mainly distributed in Luanchuan County.In the northern mountainous areas,the newly added construction land is mainly distributed in the dam area of the southern part of Luanchuan County.The distribution of spatial distribution of various types is consistent with the topographical distribution characteristics of Luanchuan County.更多还原