【作者】 王晓晓；

【导师】 王立权；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 机械工程， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展,世界各国对于能源的需求也越来越大,而由于陆地油气资源的日渐枯竭,海洋油气资源开发逐渐成为热点。使用管道运输对于海洋油气资源的开发具有重要的作用,管道的铺设与安装装备也成为海洋装备开发的重点,其中柔性管道铺设系统凭借着铺设速度快、铺设深度大的优点在各种管道铺设方式中占据着重要的位置。中国作为能源需求大国,有必要加快海洋油气资源开发研究。论文主要工作是柔性管道铺设系统的总体设计和铺设过程柔性管道动态特性分析研究。根据柔性管道铺设系统的技术要求以及工作流程,提出了柔性管道铺设系统的总体方案,确定了铺设系统的总体结构,对角度调整机构、张紧器支架、曲率调整轮、塔顶滑轮组和辅助设备进行了结构设计,并且在结构设计的基础上进行了液压控制系统的方案设计。基于自然悬链线法建立了柔性管道的静态力学模型并通过Matlab进行了迭代求解,得到了预设柔性管道在不同铺设参数下的管线静态形态和静态顶端张力,为下一步的动态分析奠定了基础,并且得到了柔性管道铺设系统的最大工作载荷。对柔性管道铺设系统的塔架机构进行了结构设计及强度校核,并通过有限元仿真软件验证了塔架机构在最大工作载荷下的安全性。通过读谱得到了铺管船的风压力系数和流曳力系数,基于半经验公式,对风载荷和流载荷进行了数值计算;基于三维势流理论使用AQWA对铺管船进行了水动力性能分析,获得了船体的水动力学系数;对给定海况下铺管船的频域运动进行了分析,计算了在不同波浪参数下柔性管道铺设系统安装位置处的竖直位移。为了得到柔性管道在四级海况下的动态应力变化情况,基于有限元法在Orcaflex中建立了铺设系统管线动态特性分析模型,通过仿真验证了柔性管道在拟定铺设方案下不会发生破坏。分析了波浪参数中波浪角度、有义波高及谱峰周期对于管道动态应力的影响,以及研究了波浪对于不同铺设情况下管道动态应力影响程度。论文通过对柔性管道铺设系统的总体设计以及对铺设过程中柔性管道的动态仿真分析,为柔性管道铺设系统的后续研究和工程化应用奠定良好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the economy,the demand for energy is increasing for countries all over the world.Due to the depletion of terrestrial oil and natural gas,marine oil and gas energy has gradually become the target of exploitation.In the process of offshore oil and gas energy exploitation,pipelines are mainly used to transport oil and gas.Therefore,pipeline laying and installation equipment has become the research focus of marine equipment.The flexble pipe laying occupies an important position in various pipe laying methods due to its high laying speed and large laying depth.As a major energy demand country,it is necessary for China to strengthen the research and development of marine oil and gas resources.The main work of the thesis includes the overall design of the flex-lay system and the dynamic characteristic analysis of pipeline during laying process.According to the technical requirements and workflow of the flexble pipe laying system,an overall scheme of the flexible pipe laying system is proposed and an overall structure of the flex-lay system is confiemed.The structure design of angle adjustment mechanism,tensioner bracket,curvature adjustment wheel,tower pulley block and auxiliary equipment is completed,and the hydraulic control system is designed on the basis of the structure design.Based on the natural catenary method,the static mechanical model of the flexible pipe was established and solved iteratively by Matlab.The static shape of the pipeline and the static tension at the top of the pipeline under different laying parameters were obtained,which lays the foundation for dynamic analysis and determines the maximum working load of the flexible pipeline laying system.Based on the maximum working load,the structural design and strength check of the flexible pipeline laying system are carried out.The rationality and safety of the design are verified by finite element simulation software.The wind pressure coefficient and the flow drag coefficient of the pipelaying vessel are obtained by reading the spectrum.Based on the semi-empirical formula,the wind load and the flow load are numerically calculated.Then based on the 3-D potential theory,the hydrodynamic coefficient of the hull is obtained by analyzing the hydrodynamic performance of the pipelaying vessel with AQWA.Finally,the frequency domain motion of the pipelaying vessel under given sea conditions is analyzed,and the vertical displacement at the installation position of the flexible pipe laying system under different wave parameters is calculated.In order to obtain the dynamic stress change of the flexible pipe,based on the finite element method,a generalized dynamic analysis model of the laying system is established in Orcaflex software.The simulation proves that the flexible pipe works well and the dynamic tension of the top end is within the safe range under the specified laying condition.The effects of wave parameters and different paving conditions on the dynamic stress of the pipeline are studied.Through the overall design of the flex-lay system and the dynamic characteristic analysis of the flexible pipe during the laying process,the paper lays a good foundation for the follow-up research and engineering application of the flexible pipe laying system.更多还原