【作者】 陈强；

【导师】 周帮扬；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 经济法学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中强调,长江流域应当贯彻“共抓大保护”的发展理念。因此,未来长江流域生态环境保护尤其是水污染治理将成为相关生态环境保护课题研究的重点。面对当下日趋严重的水污染形势,传统的长江流域水污染治理法律机制发挥应有的效果,暴露出诸多法律问题,必须予以解决。针对这些法律问题,首先,本文从长江流域水污染治理与法律机制等相关概念出发,系统梳理了长江流域水污染治理相关法律关系。同时,详细阐述了与长江流域水污染治理有关的法学理论,包括可持续发展理论、环境权理论和环境协同治理理论,为制定解决长江流域水污染治理法律问题的对策提供理论支撑。其次,本文借助《2017中国环境状况公报》的数据并结合长江流域水污染治理的立法、执法和司法实践,系统的描述了长江流域水污染治理的现状。通过对相关法律规范的比较分析发现,现阶段我国长江流域水污染治理法律机制存在法律规范体系不健全、执法主体难协同、法律制度不完善以及法律责任难落实等现实问题,亟需解决。再次,本文通过对国外典型流域水污染治理法律机制中的法律规范体系、执法主体、法律制度以及法律责任等相关内容进行对比分析发现,建立系统的流域水污染治理法律规范体系、确立流域水污染治理机构的执法地位、完善流域水污染治理多元主体参与制度以及落实流域水污染治理主体法律责任是国外流域水污染治理取得成功的关键,对解决我国长江流域水污染治理法律问题具有重要的借鉴意义。最后,本文在结合我国长江流域水污染治理存在的法律问题和国外流域水污染治理法律机制成功经验的基础上,借助可持续发展理论、环境权理论和环境协同治理理论针对性地提出解决长江流域水污染治理法律问题的具体对策。通过引入环境协同治理的立法理念、基本原则以及基本制度等完善长江流域水污染治理法律规范体系,解决长江流域水污染治理法律规范体系不健全的问题。通过确立长江流域水污染协同治理机构执法主体地位以及协同相关执法主体之间关系,解决长江流域水污染治理执法主体难协同的问题。通过完善长江流域水污染治理信息共享制度,构建多元共治制度,完善纠纷解决制度等解决长江流域水污染治理法律制度不完善的问题。通过明确长江流域水污染治理主体法律责任、建立责任追究制度等解决长江流域水污染治理法律责任难落实的问题。为实现长江流域“共抓大保护”的发展理念构筑良好的法治环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 In his report to the 19 th CPC National Congress,General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that the Yangtze River Basin should implement the development concept of "stressing the great protection together." Therefore,in the future,the ecological environment protection of the Yangtze River Basin,especially water pollution control,will become the focus of the related ecological environment protection research.In the face of the increasingly serious water pollution situation,the traditional legal mechanism of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin plays its due role and exposes many legal problems,which must be solved.In view of these legal problems,first of all,based on the related concepts of water pollution control and legal mechanism in the Yangtze River Basin,this paper systematically combs the legal relationship between water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin.At the same time,the legal theories related to water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin are expounded in detail,including the theory of sustainable development,the theory of environmental rights and the theory of environmental coordinated management.It provides theoretical support for the formulation of countermeasures to solve the legal problems of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin.Secondly,this paper systematically describes the present situation of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin with the help of the data of the 2017 China Environmental situation Bulletin and the legislation,law enforcement and judicial practice of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin.Through the comparative analysis of the relevant legal norms,it is found that at present,there are some practical problems in the legal mechanism of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin,such as the imperfect legal norm system,the difficult coordination of the main body of law enforcement,the imperfect legal system and the difficulty of implementing legal liability.There is an urgent need to solve the problem.Thirdly,through the comparative analysis of the legal normative system,the main body of law enforcement,the legal system and legal liability in the legal mechanism of water pollution control in typical watersheds abroad,this paper finds that,To establish a systematic legal standard system for river basin water pollution control,and to establish the law enforcement status of river basin water pollution control agencies,Perfecting the participation system of multiple subjects in watershed water pollution control and implementing the legal responsibility of river basin water pollution control subjects arethe key to the success of river basin water pollution control in foreign countries.It is of great significance to solve the legal problems of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin in China.Finally,on the basis of the legal problems existing in the water pollution control of the Yangtze River Basin in China and the successful experience of the legal mechanism of water pollution control in foreign countries,with the help of the theory of sustainable development,The theory of environmental rights and the theory of environmental cooperative management put forward the concrete countermeasures to solve the legal problems of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin.By introducing the legislative concept,basic principles and basic systems of environmental coordinated management to improve the legal norms system of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin,the problem of imperfect legal norms system for water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin can be solved.By establishing the status of law enforcement subject of coordinated water pollution control organization in the Yangtze River Basin and the relationship between the related law enforcement subjects,the problem of difficult coordination among the law enforcement subjects of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin is solved.Through perfecting the information sharing system of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin,constructing the system of multiple co-governance,perfecting the dispute settlement system and so on,the problems of imperfect legal system of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin are solved.Through defining the legal responsibility of the main body of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin and establishing the system of responsibility investigation,the problem that the legal responsibility of water pollution control in the Yangtze River Basin is difficult to be implemented is solved.In order to realize the development concept of "common protection" in the Yangtze River Basin,a good environment for the rule of law is constructed.更多还原