【作者】 杨帆；

【导师】 王俊玲；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 核科学与技术， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 核电站安全可靠运行是发展核电的重要保证。要保障堆芯安全运行,反应堆功率控制系统起到至关重要的作用。因此,研究更加安全稳定的压水堆功率控制系统是核电技术研究的热点。控制棒驱动机构是核反应堆中的重要机械设备,是反应堆和系统保护的组成部分,承担了控制反应堆的启动、功率调节、停堆等工作。本文研究了基于新型伺服活塞式水力驱动机构的核反应堆功率控制问题。为了建立反应堆功率控制模型,对伺服活塞控制棒水力驱动机构进行数学建模。首先,对步进电机建立了角速度模型,其次对控制棒反应性进行数学建模。引入点堆模型动态方程,并将两个数学模型结合转化为参数变化的状态空间模型,并对该模型的稳定性,可观性和可控性进行分析。为了反应堆的运行安全,反应堆功率控制系统必须是一个镇定的系统,利用MATLAB软件中的LMI工具箱,求解线性矩阵不等式的可行解,为系统设计了两种基于保性能状态反馈控制器和一种保性能状态反馈跟踪控制器并进行仿真分析动态特性。通过仿真的结果来讨论控制系统的稳定性以及不同权重矩阵的取值对控制器控制效果的影响。为了保证反应堆的固有安全性,即在面对扰动时能快速恢复平衡,设计了基于H₂,H_∞和H₂/H_∞三种不同性能指标的鲁棒控制器。其中基于H₂和H_∞性能指标设计了状态反馈全局控制器和分段控制器,基于H_∞性能指标设计了输出反馈的控制器并进行仿真,分析了系统面对扰动时的动态性能。最后为了实现反应堆功率控制系统负荷跟踪的目的,设计了基于H₂,H_∞和H₂/H_∞性能指标的状态反馈跟踪控制器。并在四种工况下以及不同扰动下进行仿真,分析了系统不同情况下的动态性能。仿真结果表明,本文所设计的控制器都可以保证闭环系统的稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nuclear power plant safe and reliable operation is the important guarantee for the development of nuclear power.In order to ensure the core safety during the reactor normal operation,the power control system of the reactor plays a vital role.Therefore,it is a hot area in the research of nuclear energy to study a more safe and stable power control system of pressurized water reactor.Control rod driving mechanism（CRDM）,as the momentous mechanical equipment in the nuclear reactor,is the component of reactor and system protection,which takes on the mission of the start-up,power regulation and shutdown of reactor.The power control problem of nuclear reactor is investigated in this paper based on new type servo piston hydraulic CRDM.First,the angular velocity model is established for the stepper motor,and then the mathematical modeling of the reactivity of the control rod is carried out.The dynamic equation of point reactor model is introduced,and the two mathematical models are combined into the linear parameter varying state space model,and the stability,observability and controllability of the model are analyzed.In order to run the reactor safely,the reactor power control system must be an internal stable system,the LMI toolbox in MATLAB is used to solve the feasible solution of linear matrix inequalities（LMIs）,and design two guaranteed cost state feedback controllers and one guaranteed cost state feedback tracking controller for the system.Through the simulation results,the stability of the control system and the effect of different weight matrices on the control effect of the control system are discussed.In order to ensure the intrinsic safety of the reactor,which means the reactor can quickly restore the balance with disturbances,three robust controllers based on H₂,H_∞and H₂/H_∞performance indexes are designed.The global controller and the piecewise controller based on state feedback are designed based on the performance index of H₂ and H_∞,and the output feedback controller is also designed based on the H_∞performance index.by solving the LMIs.The dynamic performance of the system in the face of different disturbances is analyzed by simulation either.At last,in order to achieve the load tracking of the reactor power control system,two state feedback tracking controllers are designed on the basis of the performance index of H₂,H_∞and H₂/H_∞.The simulation is carried out under four conditions and different disturbances and with the simulation results,the dynamic performance of the system under different conditions is analyzed.Simulation results show that the controller designed in this paper can ensure the stability of the closed-loop system.更多还原