【作者】 岳颖；

【导师】 李佃来；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 文化领导权理论是葛兰西政治哲学思想的重要组成部分,也是其思想中最具代表性且影响最广泛的理论成果。葛兰西生活在西方资本主义向帝国主义转变的重要历史时期,随着世界市场的形成与发展,各国间经济、政治、文化的摩擦日渐增多,矛盾的激化最终导致了第一次世界大战的爆发。在风雨飘摇的世界环境下,俄国“十月革命”胜利的消息让全世界无产阶级革命者受到极大鼓舞,无产阶级运动由此进入蓬勃发展的历史新时期。与此同时,西欧的无产阶级运动却始终无法摆脱备受束缚、屡遭重创的现实,如何在新的时代发挥无产阶级的力量、更好地进行无产阶级革命成为当时无产阶级者心中亟待解决的疑问。在此背景下,受马克思、列宁及意大利本土传统哲学思想熏陶的葛兰西意识到了西欧无产阶级革命的特殊性与复杂性。在对国际形势与意大利现实进行剖析研究后,他提出了文化领导权思想,明确指出东西方资本主义国家市民社会的发展差异,并将国家理解为政治社会和市民社会的结合体,认为西方市民社会的相对稳定性导致了无产阶级革命的屡次失败,因而西欧无产阶级革命道路应转向文化攻略。无产阶级应通过培养有机知识分子的方式在市民社会中进行“阵地战”,获得市民社会的支持和认同,夺取文化领导权,进而摧毁资产阶级的政治机器,取得革命的最终胜利。葛兰西的文化领导权理论深深的影响了后世政治哲学理论家。拉克劳与墨菲批判地继承了葛兰西文化领导权思想,并在其基础上提出多元激进民主的政治思想;法兰克福学派则受葛兰西大众文化思想的启发,在立足于当时特殊历史境况的基础上,对大众文化展开批判,从而建立了一套对后世影响深远的文化工业批判理论。如今,在这样一个以经济、政治为依托的全球性“文化博弈”时代,发达资本主义国家的文化霸权行为屡见不鲜,作为处于弱势地位的发展中国家的一员,中国更应该不断建立、完善社会主义的文化理论并时刻提防西方消极思想文化和意识形态的侵蚀。而此时,葛兰西文化领导权理论无疑为我们寻找更高效、更具价值的思想指引与理论指导、建设社会主义核心价值体系提供了有益借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultural hegemony theory is an important part of Gramsci’s political philosophy,as well as also the most representative and most extensive result of Gramsci’s theoretical results.Gramsci lived in the important historical period when Western capitalism changed to imperialism.With the formation and development of the world market,the economic,political and cultural frictions of all countries increased,and the intensification of contradictions eventually led to the First World War break out.Under the precarious world environment,the news of the victory of the "October Revolution"in Russia has greatly encouraged the proletarian revolutionaries of the whole world,and the proletarian movement has entered a new era of vigorous development.At the same time,the proletarian movement in Western Europe has always been unable to get rid of the shackles,repeated reality,how to play the power of the proletariat in the new era,better proletarian revolution to become the hearts of the proletariat to be resolved doubt.In this context,Gramsci influenced by Marxist,Lenin and native Italian traditional philosophical ideas realized the particularity and complexity of the proletarian revolution in Western Europe.After analyzing the international situation and the reality of Italy,he put forward the idea of cultural leadership,clearly pointed out that the development of civil society in the East and West capitalist countries,and the state understood as a combination of political society and civil society,that the Western public The relative stability of society led to the repeated failures of the proletarian revolution,so the path of proletarian revolution in Western Europe should turn to the cultural Raiders.The proletariat should carry out "positional warfare" in civil society through the cultivation of organic intellectuals,obtain the support and recognition of civil society,capture cultural leadership,destroy the bourgeois political machine and achieve the final victory of the revolution.Gramsci’s theory of cultural leadership profoundly influenced the later political philosophy theorists.Laclau and Murphy critically inherited the Gramsci culture leadership thought,and on its basis put forward the pluralistic radical democratic political thought;Frankfurt school was inspired by Gramsci’s popular culture thought,based on the special historical situation at that time On the basis of criticism of the mass culture,thus establishing a set of late critical cultural industry critical theory.Nowadays,in the era of global "cultural game",which is based on economy and politics,the cultural hegemony of the developed capitalist countries is not uncommon.As a member of the developing countries in a weak position,China should constantly establish and perfect the society Doctrine of cultural theory and always beware of the negative thoughts and culture of the West and the erosion of ideology.At this time,Gramsci’s cultural leadership theory is undoubtedly for us to find more efficient and more valuable ideological guidance and theoretical guidance,building a socialist core value system provides a useful reference.更多还原