【作者】 杨晓刚；

【导师】 张世勇；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 社会工作专业硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 最近几年,党和国家采取了一系列的措施促进社会改革的进行,加大了推动社区建设的力度。同时社区社会组织作为一个新鲜事物,开始引起国家和社会的重视,逐渐承担起重要的责任,扮演着不可或缺的角色。社区社会组织在基层治理中发挥了十分重要的作用,它不仅可以缓解政府的压力,分担政府在社区治理中的责任,还是居民参与社区事务的重要途径。但是,目前社区社会组织存在着诸如管理不规范等问题,严重阻碍了其作用的发挥。因此需要引进专业的社会工作来培育社区社会组织,不断解决其存在的各种问题,使其能够实现常态运营。本文以H社区的“8.16”急救先锋队为例,详细介绍了社会工作如何培育社区社会组织。笔者根据所确定的研究内容,依据文献法等社会调查方法深入到H社区进行调查实践。对H社区现存的社会组织进行调查研究,了解其现状和存在的问题,分析导致问题产生的原因,对其进行需求分析,以此来制定介入目标。结合笔者的实习情况,在地区发展模式的指导下,探讨社会工作者如何运用增权理论、社会资本理论等专业理论,通过社区宣传与成员招募、能力提高与团队建设、职能履行与参与社区和组织完善与常规运营四个阶段培育和发展“8.16急救先锋队”。通过对整个的实务过程进行评估,探讨整个的介入过程是否取得了预期效果、是否完成了事先目标。最后对全文进行总结,对理论运用情况、介入效果和“四社联动”进行简短的总结。同时,对全文进行反思,分析本文的不足之处,从而更好的促进社会工作的实际运用和社区社会组织的发展。研究表明,社会工作对社区社会组织具有很好的推动作用。首先,加强团队建设。社会工作介入,帮助组织建立完善、规范的规章制度,使组织秩序井然有序,同时,提升组织的凝聚力,增强成员的感情纽带。其次,提高服务能力。在增权理论的指导下,运用小组工作的方法,对成员进行能力建设,提高成员的专业技能,从而提高社区社会组织的服务能力,与此同时,成员的自主能力和社区参与意识得到提高,开始认识到自己是社区真正主人,自觉意识逐渐觉醒。最后,提供借鉴经验。“8.16”急救先锋队的成功培育,为社区其他社会组织的培育提供了借鉴经验,同时也证明专业社会工作介入是一条行之有效的路径,“地区发展模式+小组工作”的培育模式也是一种成功的模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,the party and the state have adopted a series of measures to promote the reform of the society and intensify the efforts to promote community building.At the same time,as a new thing,community social organizations begin to attract the attention of the state and society,gradually assume important responsibilities and play an indispensable role.Community social organizations play a very important role in grass-roots governance.They can not only relieve the pressure of the government,share the responsibility of the government in community governance,but also be an important way for residents to participate in community affairs.However,at present,there are some problems in community social organizations,such as non-standard management,which seriously hinder their role.Therefore,we need to introduce professional social work to cultivate community social organizations,and constantly solve their existing problems,so that they can achieve normal operation.Taking the "8.16" first aid vanguard of H community as an example,this paper introduces in detail how social work fosters community social organizations.According to the content of the research and the methods of social investigation such as documentation,the author goes deep into H community to carry out the investigation and practice.To investigate and study the existing social organizations in H community,to understand their current situation and existing problems,to analyze the causes of the problems,to carry out needs analysis,in order to formulate intervention objectives.Based on the author’s practice and under the guidance of the regional development model,this paper explores how social workers can cultivate and develop the "8.16 first aid pioneer" through four stages:community publicity and recruitment of members,capacity improvement and team building,function fulfillment and participation in community and organization improvement and routine operation,using professional theories such as empowerment theory and social capital theory.Through the evaluation of the whole practical process,this paper explores whether the whole intervention process has achieved the desired results and achieved the prior objectives.Finally,the full text is summarized,and the application of the theory,the effect of intervention and the "Four Associations Linkage" are briefly summarized.At the same time,this paper reflects on the full text,and analyzes the shortcomings of this article,so as to better promote the practical use of social work and the development of community social organizations.Research shows that social work has a very good role in promoting community social organizations.First,strengthen team building.Social work intervenes to help organizations establish perfect and standardized rules and regulations so as to keep the organization in good order.At the same time,it promotes the cohesion of the organization and strengthens the emotional ties of its members.Secondly,improve service capability.Under the guidance of the empowerment theory,using the method of group work,we can build the members’ ability and improve their professional skills,so as to improve the service ability of community social organizations.At the same time,members’ autonomy and community participation consciousness have been improved,and they begin to realize that they are the real owners of the community,and their conscious consciousness has gradually awakened.Finally,it provides some experience for reference.The successful cultivation of the "8.16" first aid pioneer team provides experience for the cultivation of other social organizations in the community.It also proves that professional social work intervention is an effective way,and the cultivation model of "regional development mode + group work" is also a successful model.更多还原