【作者】 张玥；

【导师】 呼世斌；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 国内外学者对人工湿地处理生活污水的机理和处理方式做了大量的研究,结果表明:在人工湿地处理系统中,不同的水生植物处理生活污水会产生不同的净化效果。根据这一研究结果,本研究采用静态水培的方法,研究了常见的芦苇（LW）、芦竹（LZ）、柳枝稷（LZJ）、小天使（XTS）、铜钱草（TQC）、绿萝（LL）、菖蒲（CP）等7种水生植物（2-3株/桶）静态水培、灭菌+水培、水培+硅藻土吸附剂对生活污水（6 L）的处理效果,其研究结果如下:（1）通过静态水培技术,将生活污水处理30天后,发现所选的7种水生植物对生活污水都有非常明显的净化效果,其中XTS对COD和BOD₅的净化效果最好,去除率是77%和76%;LZ对TN和TP的净化效果最好,去除率为73%和60%;LZJ对NH₃-N的净化效果最好,去除率是71%;LW对NO₃-N的净化效果最好,去除率是58%。（2）生活污水灭菌冷却后水培30天,对COD和BOD₅的净化效果最好的是XTS,去除率是75%和66%;LZ对TN和TP的去除率为65%和60%;LZJ对NH₃-N的净化效果最好,去除率是45%;LW对NO₃-N的净化效果最好,去除率是54%。与结论（1）对比得出:生活污水经灭菌+静态水培后,7种植物对COD、BOD₅、TN、TP、NH₃-N、NO₃-N指标的去除率均低于未灭菌的处理,表明微生物会对生活污水产生一定的降解作用。（3）为了进一步净化生活污水,采用硅藻土吸附剂（1 g）对生活污水（100 mL）进行深度吸附。经吸附后,7种植物组别的TN含量由22.87-33.47 mg/L降低至10.37-14.06 mg/L;TP含量由5.61-6.52 mg/L降低至2.08-2.41 mg/L;NH₃-N含量由12.25-17.43 mg/L降低至5.64-7.42 mg/L;NO₃-N含量由6.22-13.20 mg/L降低至2.86-7.30mg/L;COD含量由84.07-144.41 mg/L降低至51.28-76.59 mg/L;BOD₅含量由50.96-56.49mg/L降低至29.56-32.76mg/L。综上所述:采用静态水培、灭菌+水培、水培+硅藻土吸附剂3种方法处理生活污水,对污水中COD、BOD₅、TN、TP、NH₃-N和NO₃-N等6种指标去除效果最好的是水培+吸附剂,且去除后污水中COD、BOD₅、TN、NH₃-N都达到了黄河流域（陕西段）第二类污染物排放二级标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 Domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on the mechanism and treatment of domestic sewage treatment of artificial wetland.The results show that in the constructed wetland treatment system,different aquatic plants will produce different purification effects when treating domestic sewage.According to the results of this study,this study used the static hydroponic method to study the common Reed（LW）、Arundo donax（LZ）、Panicum virgatum（LZJ）、Philodendroncv Xanadu（XTS）、Lysimachia christinae Hance（TQC）、Epipremnum aureum（LL）、Acorus calamus（CP）,7 kinds of aquatic plants such as calamus（CP）（2-3 strains/barrel）,static hydroponics,sterilization+hydroponics,hydroponics+diatomaceous earth adsorbent treatment of domestic sewage（6 L）,its research The results are as follows:（1）After 30 days of domestic sewage treatment by static hydroponic technology,it was found that the selected 7 aquatic plants have obvious purification effects on domestic sewage.Among them,XTS has the best purification effect on COD and BOD₅,and the removal rate is77%and 76%;LZ has the best purification effect on TN and TP,the removal rate is 73%and60%;LZJ has the best purification effect on NH₃-N,the removal rate is 71%;LW purifies NO₃-N The best results,the removal rate is 58%.（2）After the domestic sewage is sterilized and cooled for 30 days,the best purification effect on COD and BOD₅ is XTS,the removal rate is 75%and 66%;the removal rate of LZ to TN and TP is 65%and 60%.LZJ has the best purification effect on NH₃-N,and the removal rate is 45%;LW has the best purification effect on NO₃-N,and the removal rate is 54%.Compared with the conclusion（1）,the removal rate of COD、BOD₅、TN、TP、NH₃-N and NO₃-N by 7 plants was lower than that of non-sterilized after domestic sewage was sterilized+static hydroponics.Treatment indicates that microorganisms will have a certain degradation effect on domestic sewage.（3）In order to further purify domestic sewage,diatomaceous earth adsorbent（1 g）was used to deeply adsorb domestic sewage（100 mL）.After adsorption,the TN content of the 7plant groups decreased from 22.87-33.47 mg/L to 10.37-14.06 mg/L;the TP content decreased from 5.61-6.52 mg/L to 2.08-2.41 mg/L;NH₃-N content Reduced from 12.25-17.43 mg/L to5.64-7.42 mg/L;NO₃-N content decreased from 6.22-13.20 mg/L to 2.86-7.30 mg/L;COD content decreased from 84.07-144.41 mg/L to 51.28-76.59 mg/L;BOD₅ content decreased from 50.96-56.49 mg/L to 29.56-32.76 mg/L.In summary:three methods of static hydroponics,sterilization+hydroponics,hydroponics+diatomaceous earth adsorbent are used to treat domestic sewage,such as COD,BOD₅,TN,TP,NH₃-N and NO₃-N in sewage.The best removal effect of the six indicators was hydroponic+adsorbent,and the COD,BOD₅,TN and NH₃-N in the wastewater after the removal reached the secondary standard of the second pollutant discharge in the Yellow River Basin（Shaanxi Section）.更多还原