【作者】 李晓林；

【导师】 王继明；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 公共管理， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 十九大报告提出要将社会治理下沉到基层,社区治理的重要性日趋凸显。社区公共安全治理是社会治理的一环,事关生产生活环境安全、社区居民人身财产安全。随着社会主要矛盾发生了变化,社区公共服务暴露了很多问题。城市社区公共安全治理存在局限性,表现在理念陈旧、体制建设不完善、协作受限、相关法律法规以及政策不完善;还有城市社区公共安全治理主体角色定位错位:政府在公共安全治理中定位失当,缺乏统筹;社会组织、企业参与力度小,缺乏统一平台和制度性支持;公民参与社区公共安全事务积极性不高,公共安全意识淡薄。城市社区公共安全治理中暴露出的这些问题归根结底是社区政府服务意识弱、居民参与社区公共安全事务渠道少、党在社区公共安全文化引领能力弱、社区法治化程度低、社区矛盾预防化解机制不完善、社区信息化治理程度低等原因所致。城市社区治理工作的主要任务是在巩固已有基础、提档升级上下功夫。传统的城市公共安全治理以政府为单一主体、自上而下进行管控,在结构设置标准上是按科级,相对僵化,管理职能定位在以突发事件应对为中心的管理职能上,管理资源相对静止、封闭。城市公共安全协同治理是对传统城市公共安全治理的升级改造,提倡多主体协同治理,不管是结构设置还是治理资源都相对开放流动,更重要的是协同治理的核心内容是以公众公共安全需求为中心提供公共安全服务。公众对公共安全需求日益多元,一是因为经济社会的进一步发展,国内外交流日益多元,人民对美好生活的向往不仅包括物质文化生活,也包括对安全的需求,比如人身安全、职业安全、生活安全、环境安全等;二是国际环境不稳定因素增多,传统安全因素和非传统安全因素交织,社区作为人口密集区、社会资源集中区,公共风险隐患增多,公众对社区安全更加看重,这些都带来了公共安全需求向多样化发展的趋势。为了满足居民多样化的安全需求,需要从提升社区公共安全治理水平入手。第一通过增强社区政府服务意识、拓展居民参与社区公共事务渠道、提高党建在社区公共安全文化引领能力、提高社区法治化水平、化解社区矛盾纠纷上下功夫,创新城市社区公共安全治理体系,转变城市社区公共安全治理模式;第二构建以政府为主导、企业和社会组织有效参与、社区积极供给的城市社区公共安全产品的多元供给机制;第三构建城市社区多主体协同治理的新格局,搭建多主体协同参与社区治理的平台,建立以居民需求为导向的居民参与社区治理机制,积极推广转移政府职能、购买社会服务的服务模式;第四通过政府“内外联动”以及发挥社区治理部门和社区组织深入基层的优势提高城市社区应急治理水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report of the Nineteenth National Congress proposed that social governance should be subsided to the grass-roots level,and the importance of community governance has become increasingly prominent.Community public security governance is a part of social governance,which is related to the safety of production and living environment and the safety of personal and property of community residents.With the change of the main social contradictions,many problems have been exposed in community public service.Limitations exist in the governance of urban community public security,which are manifested in outdated concepts,imperfect system construction,limited collaboration,relevant laws and regulations,and imperfect policies.There are also dislocations in the role of the main body of urban community public security governance: inappropriate positioning of the government in the governance of public security,lack of overall planning;small participation of social organizations and enterprises,lack of a unified platform and institutional support.The enthusiasm of citizens to participate in community public safety affairs is not high,and public safetyawareness is weak.These problems exposed in the governance of urban community public security are ultimately caused by the weak service consciousness of community government,the lack of channels for residents to participate in community public security affairs,the weak leadership ability of the Party in community public security culture,the low level of community legalization,the imperfect mechanism of community contradiction prevention and resolution,and the low level of community information governance.The main task of urban community governance is to consolidate the existing foundation and upgrade the files.The traditional urban public safety governance takes the government as a single subject and controls from top to bottom.The standard of structure setting is according to the level of departments,relatively rigid.The management function is centered on emergency response,and the management resources are relatively static and closed.Collaborative governance of urban public security is an upgrade and transformation of traditional urban public security governance.It advocates multi-agent collaborative governance.Both the structure and governance resources are relatively open and mobile.More importantly,the core content of collaborative governance is to provide public security services centered on public security needs.Public demand for public security is increasingly diverse.First,because of the further development of the economy and society and the increasing diversity of exchanges at home and abroad,people’s yearning for a better life includes notonly material and cultural life,but also security needs,such as personal safety,occupational safety,life safety,environmental safety and so on.Second,international environmental instability factors are increasing,traditional security factors and non-transmission factors.The intertwined security factors,community as a densely populated area and a concentrated area of social resources,increase the hidden dangers of public risks,and the public attaches more importance to community security,all of which bring the trend of diversified development of public security needs.In order to meet the diverse security needs of residents,it is necessary to improve the level of community public safety governance.Firstly,through strengthening the service consciousness of community government,expanding the channels for residents to participate in community public affairs,improving the leading ability of Party building in community public safety culture,improving the level of community legalization and resolving community contradictions and disputes,we should innovate the governance system of urban community public safety and transform the governance mode of urban community public safety;secondly,we should build a government-led,enterprise and community.Thirdly,we will build a new pattern of multi-subject collaborative governance in urban communities,build a platform for multi-subject collaborative participation in community governance,establish a mechanism of residents’ demand-oriented participation in community governance,and actively promote the service model of transferring government functionsand purchasing social services.Fourthly,through the government’s "internal and external linkages" and giving full play to the advantages of community governance departments and community organizations at the grass-roots level to improve the level of emergency management of urban communities.更多还原