【作者】 王琦；

【导师】 李少华；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 马克思主义理论， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 我国提出的乡村振兴战略中明确指出了生态文明建设的重要性,其中,农村人居环境的建设对于我国广大农村地区发展绿色经济和建设生态文明可谓意义重大。将农村人居环境的改善和优化落到实处有利于推动乡村振兴各个方面的统一性和协调性发展。实际上,我国农村地区范围广、人口多,聚居分布具有一定的分散性和复杂性,居民们对于集镇分布、街道卫生、住宅搭建等方面的要求和想法更是不尽相同。这些状况决定了对其人居环境的优化必定存在着许多需要调和与平衡的问题。如何针对全国各地农村人居环境建设出现的问题给出恰当的对策,答案一定在人居环境建设的科学理论以及国内外典型示范案例的实际经验中。以新时代为总体时间背景,通过文献分析和实证研究等方法,从新时代农村人居环境的相关概念界定、人居环境科学相关理论的介绍、当下农村人居环境取得的成就及存在的问题等方面综合考察过后可以得出农村人居环境的一些优化原则和具体对策。经过认真的研究分析,农村地区人居环境建设诸多问题产生的原因除了长期偏重经济发展、法律法规实行不到位之外,农民意识转变迟缓也是一个重要的原因。这个层面的影响主要体现在农村地区住宅的自建程度高、独立性强的特点中,也是城乡人居环境规划特点的主要差别之一。综观多地农村人居环境的建设思路,大多缺乏一定的科学指导和法律规范,在短期效果和长期规划的权衡中往往单方面优先考虑前者,这些问题都是值得我们深思的。针对农村地区人居环境存在的种种问题,从提高国家、当地政府、企业以及农民几大主体人居环境保护理念、激励村民发挥建设主体作用、有效拓宽投资渠道进行具体建设工作、因地制宜拟定建设标准四个方面来进行对策实施,这对于改善农村人居环境的发展现状一定是有所助益的。所结合的实例也多来源于对中国北方地区尤其是华北农村的实地考察和其他专家学者的走访调查,从而将国家层面的指导方针以及各地的具体经验很好地结合起来,逐步形成一套切实可行、由点到面的优化方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our country put forward the strategy of rejuvenating rural clearly points out the importance of the construction of ecological civilization,and the construction of the rural residential environment for the development of the green economy in the vast rural areas and the construction of ecological civilization is significant.The improvement and optimization of rural living environment in practice is conducive to promoting the unity and coordinated development of all aspects of town revitalization.In fact,the wide scope of China’s rural areas,large population,concentrated distribution of dispersion and complexity,residents in town,street,residential building requirements and ideas are not the same.These conditions determine that there must be many problems that need to be harmonized and balanced in the optimization of their livingenvironment.For the rural residential environment construction of all parts of the country of appropriate countermeasures put forward for the problems,the answer must be in the living environment of the construction of the scientific theory and practical experience in the typical demonstration cases at home and abroad.New era for the overall time background,through literature analysis and empirical research method,the rural residential environment related definition of new era,human settlements environment science and related theory is introduced,the present rural living environment the achievements and the problems existing in the comprehensive investigation of rural living environment after the optimization principle and concrete countermeasures.After serious research and analysis,I believe that the cause of many problems in residential environment construction in rural areas in addition to lay particular stress on economic development for a long time,for reasons such as the legal rules and regulations,the villagers’ consciousness delay is also an important reason.The influence of this level is mainly reflected in the characteristics of high degree of self-construction and strong independence of residential buildings in rural areas.Throughout much of the rural residential environment construction of thought,most of the lack of certain scientific guidance and legal norms,often give priority to the former of the short-term effect than long-term planning of unilateral,these questions deserve our consideration.Aiming at the existing problems of rural living environment,improve the national and local governments,enterprises and farmers of several major human settlements environmental protection concepts,motivate villagers play a role of construction of main body,effectively broaden investment channels for concrete construction,adjust measures to local conditions to four aspects to take measures to implement the construction standards,from the perspective of the development present situation of rural living environment is more reasonable.Most of the combined examples also come from the field visits to northern China,especially the rural areas in north China,and the visits and investigations of other experts and scholars,so as to combine the guidelines at the national level and the specific experience of various regions,and gradually form a set of practical and feasible optimization scheme from point to surface.更多还原