【作者】 王斌；

【导师】 胡健； 蒙健妹；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 轻工技术与工程（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 现今商用车和乘用车用的柴油机都配备了高压共轨燃油喷射系统,以及因排放法规的升级、柴油含硫量的不断下降、添加剂及生物柴油含量的增加等原因,导致燃油表面张力和油水可分离性下降,即对滤清器的水分离效率提出了更高的要求。长寿命系统是新型燃油滤清器的开发重点及未来的发展趋势。为了延长滤清器的高效油水分离效率,目前欧美国家主流的方案是采用三级滤芯结构。本论文主要研究了不同滤材对颗粒过滤效率和油水分离效率的影响;为了模拟实际燃油工况,本文采用A3灰模拟燃油系统中的固体颗粒,探究不同滤材组合对油水分离性能的影响。通过实验室研究与路试验证完成三级滤芯的结构设计,此设计可以满足市场对长寿命油水分离器十万公里保养的需求。该滤清器的成功研制对滤清器行业标准的制修订具有非常重要的现实意义。本文首先研究了传统单级油水分离滤清器的性能,结果表明单级油水分离器性能受颗粒污染物的影响。随着所拦截颗粒污染物的增加,产品的压差不断上升,其油水分离效率在远未达到终止寿命压差的40kPa时开始失效。在实况的道路测试中,传统单级油水分离器只能在4万公里内保持95%油水分离效率不下降。在10万公里后,虽然压差并未上升至40kPa,但其油水分离效率已降至30%以下。因此,传统单级油水分离器远不能满足长寿命滤清器的设计要求。论文提出了新型油水分离器的设计方案,确定了滤材的选用标准,探究了滤材内部结构及纤维种类、滤材的润湿性。筛选出符合要求的各级滤材。对滤材进行组合匹配后,制作成不同级数的滤清器。结果表明由第一级聚结滤材4F#、第二级无纺布滤材5S#和第三级疏水滤材9T#组成的三级油水分离器T1#能在40kPa加A3灰油水分离测试中始终保持95%高效的油水分离性能。滤清器的实况道路测试结果显示,油水分离器的压差随车辆行驶里程的增加而上升,但在十万公里结束时均未达到40kPa寿命压差;并且通过外观、气泡点值及滤纸耐破度分析,十万公里保养换下的三级聚结式油水分离器T1#未发现有破损现象,以及其油水分离效率依然能保持95%。因此,三级油水分离器T1#完全满足长寿命滤清器十万公里保养的需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays almost all commercial and passenger vehicles are equipped with diesel engines with high pressure common rail fuel injection system,and fuel has the lower surface tension and fuel/water separability with the upgrade of emission regulations,the continuous decrease of diesel sulphur content and the increase of additive and biodiesel content,etc.So,better fuel/water separation performance is required for filter.The long life system is the development focus and the trend of the area.In order to prolong the fuel/water separation efficiency of the filter,the three-stage filter element structure is currently the mainstream scheme in European and American countries.The paper mainly studied the effect of different filter combinations on particle filtration efficiency and fuel/water separation efficiency.In order to simulate the actual fuel conditions,A3 dust was used to simulate the solid particles in the fuel system,and the effects of different filter materials on the fuel/water separation efficiency were investigated.The structure design of the three-stage filter element is completed through laboratory research and road test.The design can meet the needs of the market for the maintenance of the long-life fuel/water separator for 100,000 km.The successful development of the filter has very important practical significance for the revision of the filter industry standard.In this paper,the performance of traditional single-stage fuel/water separator is compared and studied.The results show that the performance of single-stage filter is affected by particle pollutants.With the increase of the intercepted particulate pollutants,the pressure drop of the product increases continuously,causing the fuel/water separation efficiency of filters begin to fail when it is far from 40 kPa pressure drop of the end life.In the actual road test,the traditional single-stage fuel/water separator can only normal working 40,000 km with 95% fuel/water separation efficiency.After the 100,000 km road test,although the pressure drop did not rise to 40 kPa,its fuel/water separation efficiency has been reduced to less than 30%.Therefore,the traditional single-stage fuel/water separator can not meet the design requirements of the long-life filter.The paper puts forward the design scheme of the new fuel/water separator,determines the selection standard of the filter material,probes into the internal structure of the filter material and the kind of fiber,the wettability of the filter material.Screens out filter materials for different stages filter that meet the requirements,and carries on the combination match to the filter material.And different stage filters are made by the selected materials.The results show that the three-stage fuel/water separator,which consists of 4F#,5S# and 9T#,can always keep 95% fuel/water separation efficiency in the test of fuel/water separation by adding A3 dust to 40 kPa pressure drop.The actual road test of the filter show that the pressure drop of the fuel/water separator increases with the increase of driving distance.And at the end of 100,000 km,the end pressure drop did not reach to 40 kPa.Through the analysis of appearance,bubble point value and burst strength of filter paper,no damage of filter was found in the three-stage coalescence fuel/water separator(T1#)that used for 100,000 km,and the fuel/water separation efficiency can still maintain 95%.Therefore,the three-stage fuel/water separator T1# fully meets the needs of long life filter maintained 100,000 km.更多还原