【作者】 吴尚；

【导师】 张光华；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思主义意识形态理论是人类文明和智慧的结晶,它界定了意识形态的概念、功能和重要性,既是无产阶级政党维护和巩固其领导权的必修课,也是政府各级领导干部、普通群众都必须要认真学习、践行的思想方针和行动指南。随着信息技术的突飞猛进,网络日益成为社会生活最重要的媒介,普通社会大众表达政治主张、利益诉求有了“无障碍通道”——网络舆论。高度自由、开放又缺乏有效监管手段的网络舆论,一方面引领了一场传播速度、效率、形式的革命,另一方面又极容易成为转型期社会矛盾的网络出口,威胁我国的意识形态建设工作,甚至影响现实社会秩序。数字化时代,如何科学引导网络舆论,维护意识形态安全,是我国意识形态工作者必须要直面的课题。维护意识形态安全的首要任务是深刻理解意识形态的意涵。因此,本文以马克思主义意识形态理论为线索,回归到经典文本中梳理马克思本人对“意识形态”的全面表达。正如马克思所指出的,意识形态是被特定经济基础决定、同时反作用于经济基础的观念上层建筑。另外,为使本文具有更强的时代特征和中国特色,文章中亦对中国五代领导人关于意识形态的推进和创新进行了简要分析、梳理。其次,本文通过大量国内外权威文献资料的整理、比对,对网络舆论有了较为明晰的界定。由于网络舆论本身出现时间较晚,学者们从不同视角出发,对其一直缺乏统一认识。本文将网络舆论界定为所有通过网络表达的对客观社会的意见,以使下文对其其他属性的归纳具有更广泛的适用性。再次,文章从利、弊两方面分析了网络舆论与意识形态建设间的互动关系。马克思主义辩证法强调对待新事物要客观全面,本文从网络舆论的特点出发,剖析了其在为社会主义意识形态开辟新路径、提升传播效果、推进意识形态国际化等方面的作用。同时,也指出了其在加剧西方意识形态渗透、放大负面声音干扰效果等方面可能带来的危机和隐患。最后,本文从理论推进、舆论引导原则、传统媒体、法律和教育宣传层面,分析了新时代引导网络舆论,维护意识形态安全的合理做法,希望对我国的相关实践工作提供具有一定参考价值的理论支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marx’s theory of ideology is the crystallization of human civilization and wisdom,it defines the concept of ideology,the importance and basic problems.It has very important theoretical significance to safeguard the security of national ideology,which is the ordinary people,leaders of our community and state must seriously study and practice.With the rapid development of information technology,the network has increasingly become the most important medium of social life,a "barrier free access" to express political demands and their interests.Network public opinion,which is free,open and the lack of effective means of supervision,on the one hand,lead a revolution to information dissemination.On the other hand,it is easy to become the new export of social conflicts,which will threaten China’s ideological construction work,and even affect the social order.How to guide the network public opinion scientifically is an important proposition in front of our ideological workers.In order to maintain the security of ideology,we must deeply understand the concept.First of all,this article based on Marx ideology theory as the foundation,explore the classical books,find Marx’s understanding to "ideology" and the true meaning.As Marx pointed out in the later period,ideology is the superstructure which is decided by the specific economic foundation and the economic base.In addition,in order to give this paper more characteristics of the times and Chinese characteristics,I also use a brief analysis of the five generations of Chinese leaders on the promotion and innovation of ideology.Secondly,this paper make the meaning of network public opinion more clear through a large number of classical theories at home and abroad.Because the coming of network public opinion is late,and different scholars explain it from different perspectives.In academic circle,the network public opinion is lack of unified understanding.In this paper,the network of public opinion is defined as all expression to the objective world through the network,so that the following conclusions can have a wider range of applicability.Thirdly,the article analyzes the interactive relationship between network public opinion and ideology construction from two aspects of advantages and disadvantages.Marx’s emphasized that we must treat new things objectively and comprehensively.This paper from the characteristics of the network public opinion,improving the effect of communication,promoting the internationalization of the role of ideology,analyzes the advantages.At the same time,it also points out the potential crisis and hidden dangers to our ideology.Finally,this paper from four levels,the theory,public opinion guiding principle,the traditional media,laws and education,analyzes how to guide the network public opinion in the new era,in order to maintaining the security of ideology.I hope this paper can provide a little value theory to our country’s relevant practical work.更多还原