【作者】 赵凯；

【导师】 黄明知；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 土木工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 工程项目经理部是完成特定产品或服务的临时性组织,其成员一定时间内一起完成特定工作,他们对项目组织的归属感受到组织公正问题的影响。工程项目组织枯燥的生活和繁重的工作任务,势必消磨组织员工的工作热情。公正的组织环境下,员工的积极性不一定会大幅提高,但是不公正的组织环境必然大幅降低员工的工作积极性和满意度,从而降低组织凝聚力。公正作为一种内在激励,它影响员工的工作满意度和投入量,进而影响员工的绩效,并最终影响工程项目的整体效益。因此,组织公正必需引起重视,并且作为工程项目组织管理的一个重要方面。目前,国内对组织公正的重视程度还不够高,特别是关于建筑施工企业的组织公正研究尚且空白。理论研究方面,本文在现有的国内外组织公正相关研究的基础上,对工程项目组织公正的相关概念进行界定,包括组织公正的定义、特征、类型,然后借鉴社会学习理论以认知发展的角度分析组织公正感知形成的四个因素:动机、信息、认知、判断,并结合公平偏好理论构造出建筑施工企业员工组织公正感知形成的过程模型,该模型可用于分析员工动机发起、信息获取和决策判断等具体行为或心理活动的特点和表现。最后通过借鉴已有的一般性组织公正影响因素的相关文献资料,本文从个人层面因素、组织层面因素、社会环境因素三个方面系统全面地分析影响因素及其影响员工组织公正判断形成过程的具体环节,并分析主客观组织公正的联系与区别。实践研究方面,本文首先基于同时量化组织公正度和员工公正感的需要,选择个体组织公正度作为评价对象,然后基于评价对象特征和评价需要,在文献分析的基础上制定开放式调查问卷,统计分析了建筑施工企业员工遇到的不公正事件,并以此设计了以分配公正度、程序公正度、考评公正度、交互公正度等4个一级指标和17个二级指标的建筑施工企业员工组织公正度评价指标体系。接着通过对常用的赋权方法和评价方法的优缺点和适用条件进行比选,选择适合指标体系中定性指标较多且指标界定比较模糊情况的ANP-Fuzzy方法,并通过算例为实践数据收集、数据处理、数据运算提供方法支持和指导。最后,文章主要以国际顶级工程承包商Bechtel的相关制度和程序规定实证分析了实现建筑施工企业组织公正的充分必要条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Project Division is a temporary organization for the completion of a particular product or service.The members of the organization will work together for a specific period of time,and their sense of belonging to the project organization will be affected by organizational justice.The boring life and heavy work tasks of the project organization will certainly kill the enthusiasm of the staff.In a fair environment,the enthusiasm of the staff may not increase substantially,but the unfair organizational environment will greatly reduce the staff’s enthusiasm and satisfaction,thereby reducing organizational cohesion.As a sort of intrinsic motivation,justice affects employee’s job satisfaction and involvement,and then affects the performance of employees,and ultimately affects the overall benefits of the project.Therefore,the issue of organizational justice must draw more attention,and be an important part of the project management.At present,the organizational justice in China do not get enough attention,especially the research on the organizational justice of construction enterprises is still blank.In the part of theoretical research,on the existing domestic and foreign research on organizational justice,this paper defined the relevant concept of project organization justice,including the definition,characteristics and types of organizational justice,and then analyzed the four factors of the formation of organizational justice perception from the perspective of cognitive development by draw lessons from social learning theory : motive,information,cognition,judgement,and established a process model of construction enterprise employees’ organizational justice perception forming in the theory to fairness preference,the model could be used for analysing the performance and characteristics of specific behavior or psychological activity about employee motivation initiating,information acquisition and judgement in decision.Based on the influence factors of general organization justice on existing documents.in three aspects of individual factors,organizational factors and social environment factors,this paper analyzed the affecting factors and how it affects the specific formation process of the organizational justice systematically and roundly.In the part of practice research,based on the need to quantify the degree of organizational justice and Employees’ sense of Justice at the same time,the paper selected the individual organizational justice as the evaluation object,and then basedon the characteristics of the evaluation object and needs of evaluation,this paper developed the open questionnaire based on the analysis of documents,then statistically analyzed the injustices that employees of construction enterprises encountered in the construction enterprises and designed the employees of the organization a fair degree evaluation index system including the degree of distributive justice,the degree of procedural justice,the degree of interactional justice,the degree of evaluation justice of 4 one-level indexes and 17 indexes of two level.Through the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the applicable conditions of the commonly used weighting methods and evaluation methods,the ANP-Fuzzy method were chosen to be used for situation of index system that qualitative index account for most and the definition of qualitative index is pretty vague,and provides support and guidance for practical data collection,data processing and data operation through an example.Finally,the article mainly analyzes the necessary and sufficient conditions for the realization of the organizational justice of the construction enterprise by the relevant regulations and procedures of the international top project contractor Bechtel.更多还原