【作者】 杨静；

【导师】 郑燕虹；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 沃特·惠特曼是19世纪美国最重要的诗人之一,曾影响了许多诗人,其中就包括艾伦·金斯伯格——20世纪美国最具争议的诗人之一。现已有从史诗传统、性主题和反主流文化精神等方面对两位诗人展开的研究,然而,鲜有学者关注二者诗学上的联系。因此,本文将从诗学角度对二者展开对比研究。本文首先探讨了惠特曼和金斯伯格诗歌中的民主精神,分析了惠特曼和金斯伯格对社会和文学中民主的思考,以及他们的民主精神是如何体现在其诗歌主题和语言中的。然后,本文讨论了惠特曼和金斯伯格诗歌的预言特征,论述了他们对“预言”的定义及其“先知”身份,从诗歌的形式和社会功用方面探讨了其诗歌的预言特征。其次,本文分析了惠特曼和金斯伯格的自发式创作,探讨了“自发式创作”的含义,及该诗歌理念是如何展现在他们的诗歌创作过程和诗学实践当中。与自发式理念密切相关的是有机生长的概念。本文最后探讨了惠特曼和金斯伯格诗歌中的“有机原则”,论述了什么是“有机原则”,探究了该原则是如何彰显在二者的诗歌之中。本文基于诗歌文本细读和比较研究,指出惠特曼和金斯伯格在诗学上的相似之处,以及金斯伯格对惠特曼诗学理念的继承和创新。本文指出金斯伯格对惠特曼不是仅限于模仿,而是基于此影响上不断地突破与创新。惠特曼和金斯伯格都在自己的诗学实践中不断践行和完善自己的诗学理念,为诗歌主题、结构和形式的构建带来了创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 Walt Whitman was one of the most significant American poets of the 19^th century and influenced many poets who came after him,including Allen Ginsberg,who was one of the most controversial American poets of the 20^th century.Existing studies on these two poets have aligned them in various ways,including the epic tradition,themes of sexuality,and their counter-culture spirit;however,their connection from the perspective of poetics has seldom been investigated.Therefore,this study attempts to explore their poetics from the perspective of a comparative study.The thesis first explores the democratic spirit in the poems of Whitman and Ginsberg.It examines what Whitman and Ginsberg mean by democracy in society and literature,and how their democratic spirit is embodied in their poetic themes and language.The thesis then discusses the prophetic features of Whitman’s and Ginsberg’s poems.It examines their definition of“prophecy”and identity as prophets.It looks for aspects of their poetic function and form that prompted such prophecy.Next,the thesis analyzes Whitman’s and Ginsberg’s spontaneous writing.It also discusses what the poets meant by“spontaneous writing”and how it appears in their work,and their similar approach to spontaneous writing.Closely associated with the principle of spontaneity is the concept of organic growth.The thesis conducts a detailed examination of the organic principle of Whitman’s and Ginsberg’s poems,what they mean by it and how it is manifested in their work by seeking examples in their poetry.Based on close reading of their poems and comparative study,this thesis affirms the similarities of Whitman and Ginsberg on poetics,and confirms Ginsberg’s inheritance and innovations from Whitman,noting that Ginsberg built on this inheritance,rather than merely imitating Whitman’s forms.Through their poetic practices,Whitman and Ginsberg constantly practice and perfect their poetic ideas,bringing innovation to the construction of poetic themes,structures,and forms.更多还原