【作者】 张磊；

【导师】 汪传生；

【作者基本信息】 青岛科技大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,密炼机仍然是橡胶行业应用最为广泛的间歇式混炼设备。随着橡胶工业以及其他高分子加工行业的不断发展,对于密炼机混炼性能的要求也越来越高,同步转子密炼机即在此背景下研制而成,它具有生产效率高、混炼胶均匀性好等突出优点,常被用于加工均匀性要求高的橡胶制品。橡胶的混炼过程十分复杂,橡胶制品的最终性能会受到工艺条件、人为因素以及转子构型等在内的多重因素影响。转子作为混炼设备的核心元件,对于密炼机混炼效果的影响巨大,目前对于转子结构设计的研究虽然很多,但都处于经验设计阶段。因此,对同步转子进行优化设计显得极为重要。本文完成的具体工作及研究结果如下:1.在广泛查阅文献资料的基础上,介绍了密炼机的混炼特点、发展历程、转子构型以及国内外数值模拟及转子优化的进展,针对目前转子设计过于依赖经验的问题,提出利用优化算法结合数值模拟技术进行转子优化的方法。2.利用MATLAB软件编写了同步转子参数化设计程序,并利用CREO软件建立了同步转子的参数化设计几何模型;针对数值模拟过程,确定了相应的数学求解模型及材料本构模型,并假定了合理的边界条件;采用MST网格重叠技术建立了同步转子密炼机有限元网格模型,对模拟、优化过程的整体思路进行了介绍。3.在现有同步转子密炼机混炼理论的基础上,构建了同步转子力学模型,并对其混炼特性进行了研究,重点对转子棱顶间隙与宽度、楔入角、凸棱螺旋角及长度、相位角对混炼的影响进行了分析。4.编写了整套PSO算法优化程序,利用全局分布指数作为适应度函数优化了同步转子构型,相较于优化前,长棱长度减少了8mm,短棱长度增加了8mm,长棱螺旋角减少1°,短棱螺旋角增加12°;利用MATLAB编写了四种灰色关联计算程序,对转子凸棱结构参数与混合性能评价指标进行了关联性分析,结果表明长短棱螺旋角对于混合的影响作用明显大于长短棱比值,短棱螺旋角对于分散混合以及分布混合的影响作用都较大;利用灰色关联综合评价法结合主观赋权法以及熵权法对优化过程中的各组转子进行了综合评价,得出了综合混合效果最佳的转子结构,其转子结构参数与PSO优化转子结构参数一致。5.对优化前后的转子进行了几何模型分析、流场云图对比、数值分析对比以及必要的实验对比研究。结果表明,优化后的同步转子,其分布混炼效果较优化前优越,其分散效果也优越于优化前同步转子,说明优化过程具有可行性并且优化结果具有可靠性,这为密炼机转子的设计与开发提供了新思路,对于混炼技术发展具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,the mixer is still the most widely used batch mixing equipment in the rubber industry.With the continuous development of the rubber and other polymer processing industries,the mixing performance requirements of the internal mixer are getting higher and higher.Synchronous rotor internal mixers are developed under this background,which has high production efficiency and good uniformity of rubber mixing,and is often used for processing rubber products with high uniformity.The rubber mixing process is very complicated,and the final properties of rubber products are also affected by multiple factors,such as process conditions,human factors and rotor configuration.As the core component of the mixer,the rotor has a great influence on the mixing effect of the mixer.At present,there are many researches on the rotor structure design,but most of these reaseach are still in the experience design stage.Therefore,it is extremely important to optimize the synchronous rotor.The specific work and research results completed in this paper are as follows:1.On the basis of extensive literature review,the first part of the thesis mainly introduces the mixing characteristics,development history,rotor configuration and the progress of numerical simulation and rotor optimization at domestic and foreign.Aiming at the problem that the current rotor design is too dependent on experience,a method of optimizing the rotor by using the optimization algorithm combined with numerical simulation technology is proposed in the paper.2.The parametric design program of synchronous rotor is programmed by MATLAB software,and the parametric design geometric model of synchronous rotor is established by CREO software.The corresponding mathematical solution model and material constitutive model are determined for the numerical simulation process,and assumereasonable boundary conditions;the finite element mesh model of synchronous rotor internal mixer is established by MST grid overlap technology,and the overall idea of simulation and optimization process is introduced.3.Based on the existing mixing theory of synchronous rotor mixer,the synchronous rotor mechanics model is constructed and its mixing characteristics are studied.The influence of rotor tip clearance and width,wedge angle,rib angle and length,and phase angle on mixing is analyzed clearly in the paper.4.The whole set of PSO algorithm optimization program is written.The global distribution index is used as the fitness function to optimize the synchronous rotor configuration.Compared with the optimization,the length of the long rib is reduced by8 mm,the length of the short rib is increased by 8mm,and the long-edge spiral angle is reduced by 1°,the short-edge spiral angle is increased by 12°;four gray correlation calculation programs are written by MATLAB,and the correlation analysis between the rotor rib structure parameters and the hybrid performance evaluation index is carried out.The results show that the effect of long and short rib helix angle on mixing is significantly greater than that of long and short rib ratios.The short-edge spiral angle has a great influence on the dispersion mixing and distribution mixing.The gray correlation evaluation method combined with the subjective weighting method and the entropy weight method are used to comprehensively evaluate the rotors in each group.The rotor structure with the best mixing effect is obtained,and the rotor structural parameters are consistent with the PSO optimized rotor structural parameters.5.Geometric model analysis,flow field cloud image comparison,numerical analysis comparison and necessary experimental comparison studies are carried out on the rotor before and after optimization.The results of comparative analysis show that the optimized synchronous rotor has better distribution and mixing effect than before,and its dispersion effect is superior to the optimized pre-synchronous rotor,indicating that the optimization process is feasible and the reliability of the optimization result.It provides a new idea for rotor design and development,it also has certain guiding significance for the development of mixing technology.更多还原