【作者】 刘志刚；

【导师】 张立芳；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 农村与区域发展（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 林下经济是指以林地资源及森林生态环境为基础和根本,利用林下种植、养殖以及采集加工等方式开展的立体复合型经营活动。它通过利用林下和林中的资源、林荫等优势,实现农业、林业、牧业的一体化生产,使资源利用、栽培种植与养殖生产能够循环共生、和谐发展。发展林下经济,能有效增加林业生产附加值,促进林业经济可持续发展,巩固生态环境建设成果,是绿色发展的迫切需求,是提高林场职工与林农收入的重要方式,更是建设生态文明的重要途径。黑龙江省森工林区是我国重要的木材输出与供应基地,随着近年来国家对国有林区“天保工程”和停采停伐计划的实施,传统林业经济周期性长、结构单一、产业链小的的弊端也显露出来。国有林区亟需从传统依靠木材发展的方式向新的发展方式进行转型。林下经济作为从前所谓的副业,也将成为林业经济发展和林区收入来源的主要形式。本文通过查阅文献分析林下经济研究的理论依据以及研究的方向,评述国内外关于林下经济研究的现状,阐述进行该研究时所运用的研究方法。通过实地调查,分析了绥阳林业地区的自然资源和林下经济发展的实际情况。对当前主要林下经济发展模式,包括林菌模式、林下养殖模式、林药模式、林游模式和林下采集加工模式及发展情况进行阐述。运用SWOT方法分析出绥阳林业地区林下经济发展的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战,研究发展过程中面临的主要问题,如生产个体发展意识不强、生产技术落后、生产规模小、产品的替代性较高、劳动力不足等。最终从绥阳林业地区管理部门、生产和加工企业、林场职工与林农三个角度出发,提出可行性建议:(1)建议绥阳林业局结合林业资源禀赋,科学制定林下经济发展规划,完善配套扶持政策,加大财政支持力度,做好基础设施建设和要素保障,协调金融和保险机构充分发挥作用,加强人才引进与培养,推进产业聚集发展,营造良好氛围,大力推进林下经济发展。(2)建议生产及加工企业提升内在动力,提高自我发展意识,完善管理体制,加大技术投入,提高产品质量,加强品牌建设,创新营销模式,提高市场核心竞争力,扩大市场占有率。(3)建议林场职工与林农解放思想,提高发展林业经济的主观能动性,积极参加培训指导,不断提高综合素质、技术技能和经营管理水平,逐渐成长为全能型生产者,为林下经济产业发展提供新动能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under-forest economy refers to the three-dimensional and complex business activities are based on woodland resources and forest ecological environment by means of undergrowth planting,breeding collection and processing.It realizes the integrated production of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry by making use of the resources and shade under the forest and forest,so that the utilization of resources,cultivation,planting and breeding production can circularly coexist and develop in harmony.The development of Under-forest economy can effectively increase the added value of forestry and woodland production,promote the sustainable development of forestry economy and consolidate the achievements of ecological environment construction.Forest industry region in Heilongjiang province is an important timber output and a supply base in China.With the implementation of the “Tianbao Project” and the stoppage logging plan of the forest industry in recent years,the drawbacks of the traditional forestry economy with long periodicity,single structure and small industrial chain are also revealed.The development of forest areas is in urgent need of a transformation from traditional wood to new development.Under-forest economy as the former so-called sideline will also become the main form of forestry economic development and income sources.This paper analyzes the theoretical basis and research direction of Under-forest economic research through literature review,reviews the current situation of Underforest economic research at home and abroad,and expounds the research methods used in this research.Based on the field investigation,the paper analyzes the natural resources of Suiyang Forestry area and the actual situation of economic development Under-forest economic.Expounds the main economic development models under forest,including the forest fungus model,the forest cultivation model,the forest Medicinal herbs model,the forest tour model,the forest collection and processing model and the development situation.With the SWOT method to analyze the Suiyang Forestry Area Under-forest economic development strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and challenges,summarizing the main problems facing the development process.The problems include weak consciousness of individual development,backward production technology,small production scale,high substitution of products and insufficient labor force.Finally,from the three perspectives of Suiyang Forestry Area management department,production and processing enterprises,forest farm workers and forest farmers,the author puts forward feasible suggestions:(1)Suiyang Forestry Bureau is suggested to formulate a scientific economic development plan under the forest based on the endowment of forestry resources.Perfecting the necessary supporting policies,increasing financial support,increase infrastructure construction and elements of security,give full play to the role of coordinating the financial and insurance institutions,strengthening the talent introduction and training,promote the development of industry agglomeration,create a good atmosphere,undergrowth vigorously promote Under-forest economic development.(2)Production and processing enterprises should enhance internal power,improve self-development consciousness,improve management system,increase technical input,improve product quality,strengthen brand building,innovate marketing mode,improve market core competitiveness and expand market share.(3)Forest farm workers and farmers should emancipate their minds,improve their subjective initiative,take an active part in training and guidance,constantly improve their comprehensive quality,technical skills and management level,and gradually grow into all-around producers,providing new driving force for the economic and industrial development under the forests.更多还原