知识空间溢出视角下研发要素流动对区域创新绩效的影响研究

【作者】 张涛；

【导师】 张玉华；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 数量经济学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 十九大报告指出,中国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期。在此背景下,中国重点实施创新驱动发展战略,以创新驱动经济增长,转变经济发展方式,成为新时期国家发展的重要战略内容。而研发要素资源的有效配置是区域创新发展的主要影响因素之一。因此,研究知识空间溢出视角下研发要素流动与区域创新绩效的关系具有重大的理论和现实意义。要素流动的研究一直被学术界所关注,目前国内外文献主要集中于探究要素流动对经济增长的影响,要素流动对国际贸易的影响等。然而,创新驱动战略下研发要素的空间配置逐渐成为研究的重点。与传统要素相比,研发要素主要作用于创新创业方面,其在区域间的流动,带动了地区的创新发展。基于此,本文以研发要素在区际间的流动为研究对象,考察研发要素的区际流动、知识空间溢出与区域创新绩效的关系。本研究主要基于要素流动理论、区域创新理论、新经济地理学的相关理论观点,深入探讨知识空间溢出视角下研发要素流动对区域创新绩效的影响机制及路径。本文基于创新价值链理论构建理论模型,并以中国大陆30个省级行政区域为研究对象,运用多种空间计量分析技术,对其进行了实证检验。研究发现,研发要素的区际流动具有明显的空间溢出效应,从R&D人员流动的空间溢出总效应可以看出,“拥挤外部性”问题在区域创新环节显得较为突出,而R&D资本的区际流动直接对区域创新绩效产生正向的溢出效应。在考虑不同的空间权重矩阵以后,这一结果依然具有稳健性,且利用长三角区域数据进行实证研究发现,这一结果更显著。因此,从政府的角度来看,在制定各项提高区域创新绩效方面的政策举措时,需考虑到地区间空间效应的影响,在促进本地区创新发展的同时,也需要注重周围地区的创新集聚效应。一方面各地区政府应加深区域间合作,保护各地区研发要素资源的自由流动,实现跨区域知识、技术交流,从而提升区域创新绩效。另一方面,各区域政府在创新政策制定方面,应从长远、全局考虑,制定的政策应具普适性,关注自身区域创新发展的同时,也要考虑与邻近区域的相互合作,集聚周边地区的研发要素资源,推动区域间协同创新发展,从而提升中国经济整体的创新水平。同时支持长三角、京津冀和粤港澳等城市群区域经济一体化建设,建立区域间研发要素流动优惠制度,引导邻近区域错位发展。并发挥区域一体化发展战略,支持城市群集聚互补发展,政府共同制定区域合作协议,实现多方共赢局面。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report of the 19 th National Congress emphasized that China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage,and is in a period of tackling the development mode,optimizing the economic structure,and transforming the growth momentum.In this context,China proposes an innovationdriven development strategy,which drives economic growth through innovation and transforms the way of economic development,and becomes an important strategic component of national development in the new era.The effective allocation of R&D factor resources is one of the main influencing factors of regional innovation development.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the relationship between R&D factor flow and regional innovation performance from the perspective of knowledge space spillover.The study of factor flow has been concerned by academic circles.At present,domestic and foreign literature mainly focuses on exploring the impact of factor flow on economic growth and the impact of factor flow on international trade.However,the spatial allocation of R&D elements under the innovation-driven strategy has gradually become the focus of research.Compared with traditional elements,R&D elements mainly play an important role in innovation and entrepreneurship,and their interregional mobility has driven the development of innovation in the region.Based on this,this paper takes the inter-regional flow of R&D elements as the research object,and investigates the relationship between R&D elements’ inter-regional mobility,knowledge space spillover and regional innovation performance.This research is based on the theory of factor mobility,regional innovation theory,and the relevant theoretical perspectives of new economic geography.It probes into the mechanism and path of the impact of R&D factor flow on regional innovation performance from the perspective of knowledge space spillover.Based on the innovative value chain theory,this paper constructs a theoretical model,and takes 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China as the research object,and uses a variety of spatial measurement analysis techniques to conduct empirical tests.The study finds that the inter-regional flow of R&D factors has obvious spatial spillover effects.From the total effect of R&D personnel flow,it can be seen that the problem of “crowded externalities” is more prominent in regional innovation,and the inter-regional flow of R&D capital Direct positive spillover effects on regional innovation performance.After considering different spatial weight matrices,this result is still robust,and empirical research using the data of the Yangtze River Delta region shows that this result is more significant.Therefore,from the government’s point of view,when formulating various policy measures to improve regional innovation performance,it is necessary to take into account the impact of interregional spatial effects.While promoting innovation and development in the region,it is also necessary to focus on the innovation clusters in the surrounding areas.effect.On the one hand,regional governments should deepen interregional cooperation,protect the free flow of R&D elements in various regions,and achieve cross-regional knowledge and technology exchanges to enhance regional innovation performance.On the other hand,regional governments should consider the long-term and overall considerations in the formulation of innovation policies.The policies formulated should be universal,pay attention to the innovation and development of their own regions,and also consider mutual cooperation with neighboring regions to gather the surrounding areas.Research and development of essential resources to promote inter-regional collaborative innovation and development,thereby enhancing the overall level of innovation in the Chinese economy.At the same time,it supports the regional economic integration construction of the Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao and other urban agglomerations,and establishes a preferential flow system for inter-regional R&D factors to guide the development of dislocation in neighboring regions.The regional integration development strategy will be brought into play to support the coordinated development of urban clusters,and the government will jointly formulate regional cooperation agreements to achieve a win-win situation.更多还原